Dents on the nails of the big toes. Nails as an "indicator" of your health. What to do, how to treat

Tuesday, June 14, 2016 8:56 pm + to quote pad

Common complaints about nails are brittleness, splitting, occasionally strange spots. In medicine, there is even a special specialty - an onychologist - one of the branches of dermatology.

But a competent therapist will always pay attention to the nails, because they can tell a lot about the internal problems of the body. You can even say that nails are an "indicator" of your health.

A healthy nail (and this is a horny plate of keratin protein) is even, smooth, pink, slightly shiny. The basis of the nail is the protein keratin, consisting of amino acids, the same as that found in the structure of the hair. In order for the keratin protein in the nail structure to be dense, it combines in the nail plate with special sulfur compounds. This gives the nail density and strength, making its structure exactly the same as we see on the nail. The structure of the nail is multi-layered, but under normal conditions, the layers of the nail fit snugly together. Between the layers of keratin in the nails there is a thin layer of fats and water.

It is water and fats that make your nails healthy, elastic and shiny. But nails contain not only these substances, nails accumulate a lot of calcium, phosphorus, selenium, chromium and zinc in their composition. Due to their presence, the nails become strong and maintain health. The nail bed, the place where the nail is located, is well supplied with blood and innervated, due to which the nail receives the necessary substances brought with the blood for its growth and development.

The nail grows continuously throughout life. Nail plate depending on the state of health. It is completely updated (grows) in 6-12 months, sometimes faster. Sometimes slower. Children's nails grow more actively than this. You yourself notice this when you cut your baby's nails.

In women, it is faster than in men, and on the working hand (usually the right one) it is faster.
Healthy nails grow quickly, about 0.1 mm per day, and there is a clear relationship between the season and the growth and condition of the nails. Faster and thicker they are in summer and autumn, at the peak of the abundance of vitamins and minerals, in winter and spring during hypovitaminosis, nails, however, like hair, grow more slowly and worse. If the nails grow very slowly all the time, they are thin and dry, brittle, in combination with the same structure of hair and skin, an endocrinologist should be consulted - these problems may arise due to disruption of the thyroid gland, hypothyroidism.

A normal nail has an average thickness of about 0.3 mm and has an absolutely flat surface.

The area of the nail and its thickness depend on the normal functioning of the body, on lifestyle, on gender, age and the state of the hormonal background, as well as on the profession and structure of the nail plate.

Nail color change

Normal nails are uniform in color and flesh-pink in color without any change. In the area of the crescent at the base of the nail, the color may be somewhat whiter, lighter - there is the growth zone of the nail.

The color of the nails may change temporarily, for example, when freezing, the nails may turn slightly blue or pale, but the color may be permanently changed.

Traditional and non-traditional medicine may have a somewhat different approach to the issue of diagnosing nail color, classical medicine pays more attention to the physical side of diseases and the connection with color changes only with bodily changes, while oriental medicine sees the problem of changing nail color also in emotions and their imbalance.
In any case, a change in the color of the nails is not a normal condition and a reason for seeking medical advice.

So, let's discuss in more detail what changes in the color of the nails indicate health problems.

♦ Fading and fading

Pale nails usually indicate lack of red blood cells and hemoglobin in the blood that occurs with anemia. They are usually combined with general pallor of the skin, anemia and impaired condition.

In addition, pale nails may be with damage to the liver, spleen and kidneys, as well as some types of leukemia and cancer.
They are a symptom with renal and heart failure, diabetes mellitus, iron deficiency anemia and malnutrition.
White coloration of the nail bed is seen with chemotherapy and excessive production of thyroid hormones.
Dirty gray nails burn about congenital syphilis or acquired, faded color and black-gray spots on the nails indicate about mercury poisoning and its accumulation in the body.
Yellowish spots on the nails due to fading nail plate may be the result brain disorders, neuroses and nervous infections.
White nails, almost milky may occur with damage to the adrenal glands and the formation of Addison's disease.

According to a dermatologist medical center New York City Julia Tzu, discoloration or paleness of the nails that has not been observed before may indicate problems with the nail plate.
“If such spots appear, this can serve as primary signs development of melanoma of the nail plate', explains the doctor.
Total white nail coloring(white nails or nails Terry) in 80% of cases appear in patients with cirrhosis of the liver.

♦ yellowish tint

Yellowish nails (unless you are Asian) may be talking about liver damage with impaired bilirubin metabolism or the formation of jaundice.
Yellowish-greenish coloration of the nails may occur with a long purulent process in the body, and it does not have to be abscesses - it can be sluggish tonsillitis, sinusitis and others.

The red color of the nail is a disturbed outflow of blood from small capillaries and dilated vessels translucent through the nail plate.
Reddish nail color may be with fever, with damage to the liver and gallbladder, the spleen often suffers.
If the nails are red (sometimes up to purple) and along with them there is redness on the fingertips from the side of the brush, this happens lovers of hashish and marijuana, for those who use allucinogenic drugs and some drugs that can accumulate in the body.
The same condition of the nails can be formed with thickening of the blood (erythremia) when the number of erythrocytes prevails over the amount of blood plasma.
Dark brown nails can occur with prolonged fevers and severe illnesses. as a result of congestion in the vessels.
Brownish nails acquire in women during pregnancy, surgical interventions for diseases of the female genital organs, diabetes, malnutrition, thyroid disease, the use of certain medicines(preparations of gold, zidovudine, anthracyclines, etc.).
Brown-green tint nail plates acquire with candidiasis and aspergillosis.

♦ Purple or bluish color

Bluish nails or nails with a bluish tint often occur in children when freezing, especially if the legs and arms are frozen, and this occurs during pathological processes due to heart failure, congenital heart defects or malformations of the lungs.
According to Dr. Andrea Weil of Harvard Medical School, this could indicate low hemoglobin, circulatory and respiratory problems.

When such a shade of nails appears, you should consult a cardiologist for diagnosis, as this is a sign of congenital heart disease or cardiovascular pathology.

In addition, people with this color often suffer from shortness of breath or chronic fatigue.

Such nails are a sign of venous congestion in the capillaries and tissue hypoxia, on this basis, during the operation, anesthesiologists monitor the patient's condition. That's why. Doctors strongly recommend not to have a manicure and nail polish during childbirth. Nails and their color is a clear symptom of well-being or disorders in the body.
When using broad-spectrum antibiotics tetracycline and minomycin nails are painted blue, dirty gray - with trichophytosis.

Nail plates acquire a gray-blue color when taking the antimalarial drug quinacrine and the antiprotozoal drug chloroquine.
color changing with an increase in methemoglobin in the blood. In some cases, methemoglobinemia develops in acute poisoning with aniline dyes, paracetamol, potassium permanganate, etc., and chronic intoxication with silver compounds (argyria).

Changing the structure of nails

As a rule, chronic diseases and nail health problems are indicated by a change in the structure of the nails, their shape and relief.

♦ White spots

They may appear or disappear. Many prefer not to attach importance to this. But in vain. Small white spots of various shapes indicate a lack of zinc or calcium in the body.

The formation of snow-white stains and dots on the nails of the fingers in medicine is called leukonychia. This disease is a pathology that occurs when air spaces form between the layers in the keratinized nail plate. The problem can occur in men and women, in infants and the elderly.

There is an erroneous opinion among the people that this cosmetic defect is a sign of speedy luck, happy circumstances in a person's life. For example, the appearance of white spots on the nails of the middle finger means unexpected joy. Do omens matter? Everyone decides this question for himself :)

Official medicine distinguishes several stages of this disease:

Small patches of milky color begin to appear on the nails. Several fingers are affected, the points are barely noticeable.
The appearance on the surface of the nail of a cluster of whitish marks or their combination into one large dotted formation. Light dots form noticeable stripes on the surface of the nail plate. The longitudinal or transverse arrangement of the stripes helps the doctor determine which internal organ is affected by the disease.
Complete damage to the nails with spots white color. At this stage, it is urgent to start therapy.

Often the culprits for the occurrence of leukonechia are external factors:

Frequent finger injuries. They lead to improper manicure, neglect of protective equipment during physical work.
Acrylic and gel nails popular with ladies can also seriously damage the plate.
The use of low-quality decorative varnishes, frequent contact with household chemicals without rubber gloves.
Fungal diseases are also often the cause of the lesion. In this case, in addition to the appearance of light dots, the nail may change shape or color.

However, nail health is affected not only by lifestyle, the specifics of work, but also by endogenous factors:

Lack of vitamins and minerals in the body. Improper nutrition, frequent diets, lack of protein foods deplete the body. With such an etiology of the problem, the nature and direction of the spots will depend on which vitamin the body lacks.
For example, a lack of protein is expressed by the appearance of longitudinal paired whitish bands.
Problems of the kidneys, gastrointestinal tract. With kidney disease, protein is excreted from the organs, white spots form on the nails.
Frequent stressful situations, psychological stress, chronic fatigue. Even a single situation that makes you nervous can lead to the formation of large white spots.
Nervous constant tension can cause a total defeat of the hands.
Transferred infection.
Very often, white pigmentation of the nails appears during pregnancy, in nursing mothers. This is primarily due to an acute lack of iron in the body. future mother. Low hemoglobin is the first sign of possible anemia.

The fight against leukonychia folk methods

It is possible to eliminate the defeat folk remedies. First of all, determine what was the root cause of leukonychia. If this is frequent overwork, lack of sleep, nervous work, or chronic fatigue, try to rest more, change your lifestyle for a while, review your diet, try to abstract yourself from problems.

A number of caring procedures will be effective in combating this problem and as a preventive method of caring for hands. Consider the most popular.:

AT annochki for hands with sea or table salt fill the nails with the necessary calcium. For their preparation sea salt is dissolved in 500 ml of warm water and hands are held for at least 10 minutes.
Herbal infusions of oak bark and chamomile flowers, mixed in equal proportions are also excellent for this preventive measure. After completion of the procedure, the surface of the nail is lubricated with nourishing oil.
Rubbing into the nail plate and cuticle oils A and E, apricot kernel oil, olive oil or fish oil can restore nail health.
Lemon juice is known as a bleaching agent. Regular use can make it less noticeable White spot on the nail.
Rubbing with iodine and adding it to baths and oils, enriches the affected nail plates with these trace elements, removes harmful substances and leads to a decrease in the number of white spots.

Transverse and longitudinal grooves sometimes appear on the nails, which many women try to hide under varnish. But this is absolutely impossible to do, since the appearance of such grooves indicates a pathology that has appeared in the body.
The appearance of grooves on the nails can be attributed to onychodystrophy of nails of a congenital and acquired nature.

♦ Transverse "grooves"

Transverse grooves are whitish stripes across the nail plate; Such recesses are not painful, but at the same time they give the nail far from beautiful view Therefore, many women who are faced with such a problem want to get rid of it as soon as possible. But first, it’s worth understanding the possible cause of the appearance of grooves.

The transverse grooves are most often a consequence of trauma to the matrix or periungual cuticle. Matrix cells do not receive the necessary substances and grow thin and weak. Therefore, the more injured the nail, the more noticeable grooves. This often happens when doing homework, unprofessional edged manicure.
Here you can be advised to try to protect your hands from injury more often by wearing gloves when doing housework or in the garden, as well as getting a manicure from a trusted master with good tools.
Cross stripes can also form due to a lack of zinc in the body, especially often this happens among vegetarians, since zinc is mainly found in animal products.
Nail malnutrition may develop after a long diet or after fasting.
Transverse grooves on the nails appear as a result of iron deficiency and possible kidney disease.
This symptom may also about imbalances in the digestive system due to which nutrients are not absorbed by the body.
If tubercles on the nails have been added to the transverse grooves, then you need to pay attention to the musculoskeletal system, since such tubercles appear with arthritis
If the transverse the furrow acquires an arched shape, it is also called Bo's furrow. These lines may appear after transmission of serious diseases, especially skin, infections

The nail temporarily stops growing when its nutrition is disturbed and a depression forms on the nail plate, most often on the thumb, index and middle fingers, and can reach 1 mm in depth. After the resumption of nail growth, these stripes move forward to the free edge, therefore, by their distance to the root, one can determine the period of the onset of the disease. The nail plate grows on average in 3-6 months, which is exactly how long it takes to get rid of these strips.
The cause of malnutrition can be infectious diseases (flu, salmonellosis). Especially often the groove appears in young children after childhood infections (hepatitis, measles, rubella)
Transverse and sometimes longitudinal lines on the nail plate may occur when it is polished with excessive pressure on the matrix, excessively pushing back the rear roller, wearing artificial nails, constant use of varnish.

Transverse stripes (their second name is the Mi line) may appear as a result of stress, neuropsychic shocks, and general diseases of the body. This is because in case of illness, all the protective forces are directed precisely at the organ that needs it more, and accordingly, the nails at this time receive less nutrition, grow weaker and thinner. To combat this, you should take more care of your nails during the period of illness: do nutritious maxi, massage, rub oil for nails.
Transverse grooves appear on the nails in diseases of the cardiovascular system, and also in view of individual intolerance medicines .
If the nails exfoliate and furrows appear, then you can speak and about the fungus as a possible cause of the disease:

If the causes that caused the appearance of the furrows were short and insignificant, then the grooves are superficial, with severe diseases, the furrows become more pronounced. By the location of the transverse furrow, one can judge the duration of the disease, because it is known that the nail grows from its base to the free edge in 170 days

♦ Longitudinal lines

Longitudinal grooves - lines along the nail plate along the entire length of the nail. Longitudinal grooves on the nails are also called vertical. The grooves appear when the disease occurs and usually disappear after treatment.

Longitudinal grooves on the nails may appear in the elderly, and in this case they are not considered as a sign of the disease, since degenerative-dystrophic changes occur in the body.
However, sometimes stripes can occur in young people. In this case, the appearance of longitudinal lines may indicate that the person is not drinking enough fluid.

Longitudinal grooves on the nails may appear suddenly, for example, they appear in ri circulatory disorders, as well as after improper manicure and nail treatment.
The manifestation of diseases such as red lichen planus, gout, psoriasis, rheumatoid arthritis, can lead to the appearance of grooves on the nails.
With high blood pressure and diseases of the cardiovascular system longitudinal grooves appear parallel along the lateral edges of the nails.
If the body has failed nervous system or spinal cord injury, then such grooves become narrower, and the central part of the nail becomes wider and more flattened.
Vertical grooves on the nails can be either single or multiple, and are often located in the middle of the nail. If the grooves protrude strongly, then most likely there is pathology of the intestines, pancreas, but the same forms of grooves appear due to vitamin B12 and iron deficiency.
One of the possible causes of longitudinal grooves is damage to the nail or its root, which often happens when self manicure and misuse of tools.
If, during a manicure, the cuticle is strongly pushed back and squeezed, then vertical grooves on the nails appear after 3-4 weeks.
If a the injury will be more serious (blow, compression) and the nail is cracked, then with further growth, a thickening of the nail and even its division into parts can occur.
With minor damage to the nail and proper manicure, a nail of the correct shape grows in 3-6 months

If characteristic furrows appear on the nails that noticeably spoil the appearance, then this may mean that there is a certain disease of the nail plate that requires immediate diagnosis and conservative treatment. It is also worth noting that modern cosmetology provides a number of the latest cosmetic procedures that not only make nails smooth, but also significantly improve their health. Such sparing methods of treatment demonstrate a high result and a lasting cosmetic effect.

Grooves on the nails - treatment

With the pathology of the grooves on the nails - treatment should first of all be aimed at eliminating the causes that could cause this type of pathology. If you know the cause, you must eliminate it, otherwise all other nail treatments will not be successful.
Necessary consult a specialist and undergo a complete diagnostic examination, if you do not know why the grooves appeared on the nails. Treatment of somatic diseases can take several weeks or even months, but during the entire period of treatment it is necessary to properly care for the nails and not injure them.

The best local way to correct the shape of the nail is to polishing, which must be performed strictly in one direction - either from right to left, or from left to right. Thus, you will achieve a uniform filing of the nail and do not cut off the excess part of it.
Polishing can be carried out in an upward or downward direction. When polishing, be careful not to damage the cuticle, as damage to it will lead to a deterioration in the condition.

No need to try to straighten the nail in one procedure, be patient and cut off a small layer of the nail, because this procedure can be performed once a week, not more often.

Another way to locally correct the nail is use of special protective varnishes, which are available for striated nails. In this case, it is up to you to decide whether to file your nails before applying the varnish or not, since the varnish is able to mask even the most pronounced grooves. If the defect is shallow, you can not cut off the layer of the nail.

And of course, an important factor in the treatment of the appeared grooves is food. It is necessary to add more fresh foods to the diet that contain a large number of useful substances.
It’s not worth sacrificing the beauty of your nails for the sake of a good figure and dieting for a long time, because in the future you will have to restore your nails for almost six months. Food should be healthy and varied.
You can take separate vitamin and mineral complexes that fill the daily requirement.

This recipe perfectly strengthens the nail plate and gets rid of the grooves: one and a half tablespoons of melted honey, a spoonful of olive or vegetable oil, you can also use glycerin instead of oil, add a decoction of sage and lemon juice, mix it all with a quarter cup of water. Dip your nails into the resulting mixture for thirty to forty minutes, then wipe your hands with a napkin and spread with nail cream.

Properly care for your nails yourself, at home, or use the services of a professional master. After all, even a small injury can become a trigger in the appearance of grooves, which then have to be treated.

When the nails begin to exfoliate, many experience discomfort, because the hands are one of the parts of the body that is constantly in sight. What causes nails to break, what is missing in the body? Some will think that there is simply a lack of vitamins, but not always everything is so simple. Often the cause can be some disease of a person.

♦ Brittle and exfoliating nails

The lack of vitamins and minerals in the body is the first thing that can lead to the destruction of the nail plates.
There are several reasons for this. Among the most common doctors note:

Reason 1 - deficiency of any vitamins, macro- or microelements: lack of vitamins A, E, D, as well as iron and zinc.

Solution: the nail plate consists of keratin - fibrillar proteins, the synthesis of which requires the amino acids glycine, cysteine, alanine contained in meat and poultry, eggs and sea fish.
Increase these foods in your diet. The following minerals will also help improve the condition of the nails.

Calcium. This element is necessary for the formation of bone and connective tissue, is part of the nucleus and cell membranes, it is involved in the processes of excitability of nerve fibers, affects the processes of muscle contraction.

His sources- cheese, cottage cheese and other fermented milk products, egg whites, it is also abundant in sesame seeds, spinach, broccoli, cauliflower and white cabbage, legumes, nuts and figs.

Magnesium. It is involved in the production of DNA, in enzyme and hormonal metabolism, playing t an important role in neuromuscular regulation, is responsible for the health of the cardiovascular system.

His sources- whole grains of wheat, oatmeal and buckwheat, brown rice, rye bread, beans and soybeans, bananas, nuts, spinach.

Sulfur. This element is an integral part of all protein compounds in the body, and is also part of the B vitamins - thiamine and biotin. Sulfur takes part in the synthesis of keratin, collagen fibers, in the formation of connective and bone tissue, and is involved in the processes of hematopoiesis.

Her sources- meat and poultry, seafood, oatmeal and buckwheat, onions, garlic, legumes, radishes, radishes, bread, milk, eggs, cheese.

Silicon. This element is part of the connective tissue, cartilage, walls blood vessels, hair, nails, bone tissue, tooth enamel.

His sources- turnip, radish, radish, carrot, young nettle, leek, lettuce, mushrooms.

Phosphorus participates in almost all biochemical reactions occurring in the body, is part of the nails, bone tissue.

His sources- meat, poultry, eggs, fish and seafood, unrefined grains, seeds, nuts.

The lack of these elements, as well as such vitamins responsible for the health of nails, such as A, B1, B3, B5, C, D, E, helps to fill in specialized vitamin-mineral complexes. Look for them marked: "to improve the condition of the skin, hair and nails." As a rule, they also include gelatin in their composition. The latter, by the way, can also be obtained from such wonderful dishes as jelly, aspic, cereals, aspic.

Reason 2: health problems

Solution: l capacious exfoliating nails primarily indicate violation of metabolic processes in the body, because of which he lacks the proteins and other substances necessary for the formation of a healthy nail plate.
Delamination of the nails often begins and after inflammatory diseases especially if they were treated with antibiotics.

It is also a sign of disorders in the work of the gastrointestinal tract, liver, kidneys, pancreas, a number of endocrine diseases (usually with hypothyroidism) .

Brittle and exfoliating nails may indicate problems in the cardiovascular system and be the first a harbinger of diabetes.

Weakness of the nail plate can speak and about a decrease in immunity, exhaustion of the body due to overwork, experienced stress.
So this problem may well be the reason for contacting a doctor who will prescribe the necessary examination.

Reason 3: Frequent contact with detergents

get used to doing any household work related to detergents and other aggressive compounds in rubber gloves;
after washing, cleaning, washing dishes, taking a bath or shower, wash and dry your hands and apply nourishing cream or vegetable oil to your nails;
twice a day, in the morning and in the evening, massage the periungual area with a special cuticle oil;
warm baths with sea or plain salt (1 tablespoon of salt per 0.5 liter of water) will help strengthen the nails. Do them twice a week for 20 minutes.

Reason 4: Improper nail treatment

when splitting nails, use not metal, but glass nail files;
file the nail, holding the file strictly perpendicular to the nail plate;
a layered nail should be filed from the sides to the center and from top to bottom;
choose a file with a fine abrasive coating;
Never sand split nails. This can lead to them breaking off.

Treatment with folk methods: baths, masks and other procedures.

For baths, you can use soda, honey, decoctions of herbs, essential oils, glycerin - this will quickly bring weakened and not healthy nails in order.

Need vegetable warmed oil, lemon and vitamin A. A few drops of citrus and an ampoule with a vitamin are added to the oil. Hands fall into the resulting bath, and stay in it for 20 minutes.
The easiest recipe is lemon cut in two. Fingers are placed in its pulp so that the nail is completely hidden. Finish the procedure after 10 minutes.
Rubbing with lemon juice will also make your nails look much better.
Another way to save beautiful nails- this is bath with sea salt (you can also use a simple cookbook). A tablespoon of this product must be dissolved in 200 grams of warm water. It will be enough to hold your hands for 15 minutes. Important: after the procedure, do not wash your hands for an hour.

It is very useful to massage the nail plates.

Massage can be done at any free moment: before that, steam the hands in water with salt, preferably sea salt, blot your hands with a towel or napkin, apply calendula, orange, grapefruit or any other oil that you like on your nails. Gently and gently massage around the nails, cuticles and rub the oil into the nail plate.

And, nevertheless, the best and most effective method of treatment is high-quality polishing of the affected nails. When performing this cosmetic procedure it is extremely important to adhere to certain rules, which are presented above.
After polishing, it is important to carefully and carefully polish the nails, discreetly removing all the scratches that have formed.
It is advisable to carry out the procedure only once a month, while trusting your sore hands is best done by competent professionals in their field.
You can polish diseased nails once a week.

There are many traditional and non-traditional methods for diagnosing a person's health status. Among them is the diagnosis of health by nails. For example, Chinese healers have been using this method for centuries.
True, modern medicine does not recognize this method as independent and uses it only as an additional way to recognize or confirm pathology.
Based on materials

Human nails are a clear indicator, protection and decoration of fingers. We often pay attention to the hands of a person in order to understand his social status, cleanliness, habits, profession and state of health.

In case of violations of normal functioning, the body makes it known, first of all, by the state of nails, skin and hair. Only by changes in the nail plate, an experienced specialist can determine more than 20 different diseases.

Nails can acquire many pathological conditions. The thimble symptom is one of them. It is also called "dotted nails". It belongs to onychodystrophy. Occurs quite often.

The most common causes of such a pathology are systemic diseases and dermatoses.

What does it look like?

The thimble-like stubbornness of the nails looks like a lot of point indentations that form small pits on the plate. They are about the size of a pin head, but can be larger or smaller. The bottom of these dimples peel off a little, but the surface of the nail remains smooth.

On one nail there can be from 1 or 2 to many points. If there are a lot of dimples, the surface of the nail becomes rough and looks like a thimble, thanks to which the pathology got its name.

The depth of the pits depends on the disease that caused this condition. They can be small, or quite deep and stamped, for example, with psoriasis or syphilis.

In some patients, the pits are arranged randomly, and in some they line up in horizontal or vertical short lines.

The reasons

Most often, thimble syndrome occurs in people with psoriasis. Sometimes the appearance of pits precedes and signals a disease.

Also common causes are:

pulmonary tuberculosis;
syphilis, etc.

Dimples appear due to the fact that the structure of the matrix of the nail and the bed has changed and began to develop incorrectly.

Very rarely, such pits can appear in an absolutely healthy person.

Treatment

Since the most common cause different types onychodystrophies, including thimble syndrome, are other diseases, when they appear, you should consult a doctor and find out if you have other diseases. The treatment for thimble-shaped nails is, first of all, to get rid of the root cause.

Trying to get rid of the manifestations on the nails without eliminating the source is futile. Therefore, treatment must be comprehensive.

The nails themselves can be restored by the following means:

Iodine. In the morning and evening, you should smear your nails with a 5% solution of iodine. Such a course for 10 days will help strengthen the nails.
Propolis. Compresses with tincture at night effectively help the nail get rid of the fungus and strengthen.
Gelatin. Very useful for hair, nails, etc. It is best to drink a tablespoon a day so that the body is saturated with the necessary substances.
Baths. Hot baths can be done with starch, soda, bran, oak bark, eucalyptus, sea salt, lemon juice. After the bath, you can rub vitamins E and A, oils, natural wax into your nails.

If the plate is severely damaged, removal may be the best option. With systematic treatment, the new one will grow healthy and strong.

It is worth doing self-treatment only if you know what the cause of this condition is and purposefully fight it.

The diagnosis of dents, holes and other irregularities has been made with great accuracy since ancient times.

At the same time, warning signs (for example, pits) on the nails appear long before the change in health and the manifestation of the primary symptoms of the disease, this knowledge will help us in solving the issue of determining the causes of uneven nail plates.

Why do pits and holes appear on the nails, what do they talk about

When the human body is in a balanced, healthy state, its nails should be Pink colour, shiny and hard. Nutrition, environment, cosmetic care, physical, chemical and mechanical stress are important factors that affect the appearance of such troubles as pits on the nails.

The manifestation of any health disorders is the same reason for the change appearance nails, as well as a change in any of the above elements in an unfavorable direction.

transverse dents

The transverse dents that have appeared on the thumbnail are highly likely to indicate the presence of problems with the respiratory, that is, the bronchopulmonary apparatus.

holes

In cases where dots in the form of holes appear on the nails, a person asks the question: what could it be? Very often, the presence of small holes and pores indicates the pathology of the spleen.

pits

However, there is also the concept of a "thimble symptom", in which small dents appear on the nail - a point "stitch". The fossae may be randomly arranged one at a time, or in a multitude of "harmonious" longitudinal rows. A dimple that appears is possible, both with psoriasis or dermatosis, and with systemic diseases, such as, for example, alopecia areata (the main symptom is the appearance of bald spots on the head).

Fungal infections

Infection with fungi can occur in public places - saunas, pools, baths. At the same time, slippers do not always save from infection. To make a diagnosis, a dermatologist takes a scraping from the nail plate.

The type of fungus that caused the infection is determined in the laboratory. Most often, this problem manifests itself on the toenails. Outwardly, it looks far from aesthetically pleasing, but pain with such an infection is rare. Fungal infection is also possible on the hands.

Vitamin deficiency

With beriberi, pits most often appear on the nails of the hands. However, in addition to such a symptom, hair fragility or increased hair loss may be observed. The nail can "tell" what trace element is missing in the body. If the dent looks like a transverse groove and there are several of them on the plate, this indicates a lack of iron in the body.

Injuries, exposure to chemicals

Regular exposure to chemicals can lead to nail disease such as onychoshysis or onychoa, which can also cause pitted nails. The disease leads to dystrophic changes in the body, in particular, to the splitting of the nail plate into transverse elements in the form of small leaf-shaped plates.

However, the excessive use of varnishes in conjunction with products containing acetone to remove it sometimes leads to the development of this health disorder.

The constant use of detergents and disinfectants in home use only exacerbates this process.

Onychoshisis is also a disease that develops due to constant mechanical impact on the nail plate. Recently, IT workers have been prone to this disease, because they are constantly typing a large amount of information manually. So frequent communication through a computer may not be a harmless exercise at all.

Nail psoriasis

In patients with this disease, only the nails are rarely affected. Usually, other parts of the body are also affected - very often the skin, sometimes the bones.

Symptoms can vary, but the main ones are:

the color of the nails becomes yellow with brown tints;
holes appear on the nail plate (small depressions);
horizontal lines (transverse dents) and white spots appear on the nails of the hands;
plate thickenings are formed;
the nail plate may separate from the bed.

Many patients are interested in how to get rid of psoriasis. The answer is unambiguous - it is impossible. However, the symptoms can be managed with the help of ointments and injections that the doctor can choose (individually for you).

What to do, how to treat

Symptoms, consisting in the manifestation of various dents, grooves, pits and depressions on the nails, are possible due to completely different reasons. Some require little effort to heal, while others can take a lifetime to heal:

Infections. To prevent fungal diseases, baths with the addition of lemon juice or vinegar are used. Treatment of fungal infections is not a quick matter, since the penetration of drugs in the form of ointments through the nail plate takes a long time. Comprehensive treatment, including tablets, ointments and vitamins, brings the greatest effect.

vitamin deficiency it is possible to compensate for the intake of vitamin complexes and the restoration of a balanced healthy diet. Less contact with detergents and washing powders. Most effective methods nail restoration can only be found together with the attending physician.

Chemical exposure on the nail plate can be restored only by complex treatment. It is necessary to restore minerals and vitamins in the body. Vitamin injections and tablets are also prescribed.

Nail psoriasis. In this disease, treatment is carried out with the help of traditional therapy or phototherapy, and it is also possible surgical intervention to remove deformed nail plates. Instead of the latter, drugs with urea compounds can be used, which allow the nail to separate from the bed without the use of surgery.

The preparations used can be both external, directly applied to the nail, and internal or in the form of injections. A defect in the nail plate can hide a manicure. It must be realized that the condition of the nail plate is an indicator of human health. The better your nails look, the better you will feel.

Beautiful nails always give a woman sophistication and elegance. But unfortunately, there are times when problems begin with them. Many ladies complain that dents appear on the nails of the hands, they begin to crumble, change their color, and there are still a lot of unpleasant episodes. But still, what provoked such reasons and how you can get rid of them, let's try to figure it out together.

Internal factors of nail damage

When the human body is in a balanced state, the nail plate has a brilliant pink color and a solid structure. The condition of the nails, in addition to cosmetic care, largely depends on the surrounding ecology, the woman's nutrition, physical and mechanical stress on them. Otherwise, they take on an unhealthy appearance, which may be the first "swallow" in the development of any disease.

Dents on the nails of the thumb can signal that a person is starting to have problems with the bronchopulmonary apparatus. Dents and dashes on the index finger - for malfunctions in the digestive tract. If on the middle finger, then you should pay attention to the state of the blood and the functioning of the circulatory system as a whole. When the nail crumbles on the little finger, this is the first sign of a disease of the cardiovascular system.

In the old days, when traditional medicine was not yet developed, folk healers were able to determine the disease by the nail plate of their hands. The human body is designed in such a way that the first information about the disease appears on the nails, and if measures are taken in a timely manner, the progression of the disease can be prevented. But alas, now such a diagnosis is a thing of the past. It was replaced by modern tomographs and x-ray machines.

External causes of dents and crumbling nails

Fortunately, you can eliminate unpleasant symptoms and cope with these problems on your own. Only in extreme cases is medical intervention necessary. To prevent this, you need to know the following:

Fingernails crumble if the body feels a lack of vitamins, macro- and microelements;

Traumatic or mechanical impact. This is the direct reason why nails deteriorate. In most cases, traumatization occurs imperceptibly and without pain;

Constant exposure to chemicals and low-quality cosmetics;

Hardware manicure;

Not proper care behind nails;

fungal infection.

If the nails crumble in children or dents and other flaws appear on them, you should immediately consult a doctor.

General requirements for the treatment and restoration of nails

First of all, calcium-containing drugs are needed for rehabilitation therapy. Special products for the treatment of nail plates have a deep penetrating effect even through the coating. They strengthen nails, promote the rapid growth of healthy tissue, and saturate them with calcium. Rules for the use of a medicinal product:

Apply to clean nails in 2-3 layers. Before applying each layer, allow the previous one to dry well. Can be used as base coat and top coat. The procedure is repeated every 3-4 days for a month.

When the nails on the hands crumble, it is also necessary to replenish the body's water balance, since the nail plate is 15% water. To do this, it is enough to drink 1.5-2 liters of water without gas per day, and for local effects, you can use moisturizing varnishes and various creams.

If a person has fragile bones, then the nails will be weak, so for such people it is recommended to take calcium supplements and a vitamin complex additionally inside.

If possible, wear gloves for all household hygiene work to avoid contact with household chemicals.

If self-treatment and preventive measures are ineffective, it is necessary to urgently visit the hospital for qualified advice and assistance.

The diagnosis of dents, holes and other irregularities has been made with great accuracy since ancient times. At the same time, warning signs (for example, pits) on the nails appear long before the change in health and the manifestation of the primary symptoms of the disease, this knowledge will help us in solving the issue of determining the causes of uneven nail plates.

Why do pits and holes appear on the nails, what do they talk about

When the human body is in a balanced, healthy state, its nails should be pink, shiny and hard. Nutrition, environment, cosmetic care, physical, chemical and mechanical stress are important factors that affect the appearance of such troubles as pits on the nails. The manifestation of any health disorders is the same reason for a change in the appearance of the nails, as well as a change in any of the above elements in an unfavorable direction.

transverse dents

The transverse dents that have appeared on the thumbnail are highly likely to indicate the presence of problems with the respiratory, that is, the bronchopulmonary apparatus.

holes

In cases where dots in the form of holes appear on the nails, a person asks the question: what could it be? Very often, the presence of small holes and pores indicates the pathology of the spleen.

pits

Dents on the nails and their causes (depending on the form).

We will consider such serious reasons in more detail below.

Fungal infections

Most often, this problem manifests itself on the toenails. Outwardly, it looks far from aesthetically pleasing, but pain with such an infection is rare. Fungal infection is also possible on the hands.

Vitamin deficiency

Have dimples appear on your fingernails or toenails? Possible reason- avitaminosis!

Injuries, exposure to chemicals

The reasons are mainly due to the effects of chemicals on the nails during the performance of professional duties. The disease is inherent in workers in the chemical industry and medical workers in contact with disinfectant solutions. However, the excessive use of varnishes in conjunction with products containing acetone to remove it sometimes leads to the development of this health disorder.

The constant use of detergents and disinfectants in home use only exacerbates this process.

Nail psoriasis

Pits on the nails of the hands (in psoriasis).

In patients with this disease, only the nails are rarely affected. Usually, other parts of the body are also affected - very often the skin, sometimes the bones.

Symptoms can vary, but the main ones are:

the color of the nails becomes yellow with brown tints;
holes appear on the nail plate (small depressions);
horizontal lines (transverse dents) and white spots appear on the nails of the hands;
plate thickenings are formed;
the nail plate may separate from the bed.

Dystrophy

This topic is covered in the video:

In general, this is a separate, big topic.

What to do, how to treat

Infections. To prevent fungal diseases, baths with the addition of lemon juice or vinegar are used. Treatment of fungal infections is not a quick matter, since the penetration of drugs in the form of ointments through the nail plate takes a long time. Comprehensive treatment, including tablets, ointments and vitamins, brings the greatest effect. ⇒ For more details, see articles about antifungal varnish, tablets from nail and skin fungus, iodine against nail fungus.
Vitamin deficiency can be compensated by taking vitamin complexes and restoring a balanced healthy diet. It is necessary to come into contact with detergents and washing powders less. The most effective methods of nail restoration can only be found together with your doctor.
The chemical effect on the nail plate can only be restored by complex treatment. It is necessary to restore minerals and vitamins in the body. Vitamin injections and tablets are also prescribed.
Nail psoriasis. In this disease, treatment is performed using traditional therapy or phototherapy, and surgery is also possible to remove deformed nail plates. Instead of the latter, drugs with urea compounds can be used, which allow the nail to separate from the bed without the use of surgery. The preparations used can be both external, directly applied to the nail, and internal or in the form of injections. A defect in the nail plate can hide a manicure.

It must be realized that the condition of the nail plate is an indicator of human health. The better your nails look, the better you will feel.

nailsfit.ru

All about the appearance of dimples on the nail plates

Aesthetics and beauty, as well as your health, depend on the appearance of fingernails. Most often, most diseases first appear on the nail plate. If you notice changes in the relief, color and appearance of your nails, it is important to consult a doctor for advice. Let's take a closer look at the main causes of the appearance of pits on the fingernails, as well as what treatment is needed to get rid of them.

What causes pits on the nail plates?

Treatment of pits on the fingers is carried out taking into account the reasons that provoked the appearance of pathology. The pits on the nails of the fingers have the following causes:

infection of the nail plates with a fungus. The disease is transmitted from one person to another through skin flakes and is very difficult to treat. fungal infection is different types. It most often affects people with weakened immune systems. The fungus on the nails of the fingers provokes the formation of pits and other unpleasant defects on them that spoil the appearance. In order to successfully treat a fungal infection, it is important to determine the cause of the pathology, as well as visit a mycologist and follow his instructions. Baths with vinegar or lemon juice, as well as other treatments prescribed by a doctor, will help restore beauty to the nails, as well as eliminate the cause;
pits on the nails can occur due to injury, uneven thickening of the plate. Therefore, it is important to monitor the integrity of the nail integument, to carry out a thorough and careful care so as not to provoke the cause of the appearance of dents on the nail plates;
dents on the nails may indicate a lack of vitamins and other nutrients in the human body. With such a reason as beriberi, not only nails suffer, but also skin and hair. Hair becomes brittle and falls out a lot. If the pits on the nail plates are located transversely and in several pieces on one nail, perhaps the cause of the problem lies in the fact that your body lacks iron. With beriberi for the beauty of nails, it is important to treat by taking vitamins of group B, as well as E and A;
grooves on the nails can occur due to a cause such as somatic diseases. The appearance of a dent on the thumbnail indicates that there are problems in the functioning of the lungs or the respiratory system. The grooves on the index finger indicate problems with the gastrointestinal tract and the digestive system. Problems with the nervous system can be indicated by such a reason as dents on the nails of the ring fingers.

For correct diagnosis and prescription effective treatment pits on the nails, it is important to go to the doctor and figure out what is the cause of the pathology.

Therapy for pitted nails

If diseases led to the appearance of pits on the nails internal organs to get rid of them, it is necessary to treat the underlying cause. Indentations can be treated through proper nutrition, nail hygiene, and preventive measures.

Healthy eating rules

Treating pitted nails is important with a balanced diet. Fruits and vegetables should be included in your daily diet. To saturate the body with nutrients, it is recommended to eat varied and only useful products.

The menu should contain foods rich in omega-3 acids. Therefore, it is recommended to feast on nuts and fish.

To restore all the basic functions of the body, as well as eliminate pits on the nails, it is recommended to drink two liters of liquid during the day.

Eliminate fast foods, processed foods and other unhealthy foods from your diet.

Features of nail hygiene

For the beauty of the nails, treatment, as well as the prevention of dents on them, it is important to carry out proper hygiene:

If necessary, protect nails from the harmful effects of the external environment. If it is windy or cold outside, be sure to wear gloves on your hands. Also, protective gloves should be worn when working with the ground or household chemicals.
It is important to systematically do a manicure. Clean your nails of dirt, carefully trim chips and hooks to avoid treating pits.
To keep moisture on the nails and skin of the hands, as well as to prevent the treatment of pits, it is recommended to use a moisturizing hand lotion if necessary. Also, do not expose your hands to frequent exposure to moisture, as they can dry out and become cracked.
It is useful as a treatment, as well as prevention of dents on the nails, to rub jojoba oil mixed with vitamin E into the nail plate and cuticle daily.

To reduce the dimples on the nails, experts advise using nail files to polish them. Polishing should be done with soft and gentle movements, without strong pressure on the nails. The procedure must be performed in one direction only. To eliminate the pits, you will need to carry out several polishing procedures.

In order to prevent the formation of pits on the nail plates, it is recommended to moisten them with special moisturizers, as well as saturate them with vitamins and minerals.

As prescribed by the doctor, in addition to proper nutrition drink vitamin complexes.

The appearance of pits on children's nails

Dimples in the area of the nails in a child can occur due to the influence of a humid environment, lack of vitamins, improper use of scissors or nail files, a fungal disease, frequent fingers in the mouth, and also due to frequent injuries.

The influence of water and vitamins

Lack of fluid and vitamins in the child's body often leads to dry skin, as well as the appearance of pits on the nail plates.

If the baby's skin is dry and thin, so will the nails. Therefore, it is important to soften and moisturize them with special children's nail products.

For the beauty of children's nails, it is important that the child eat foods rich in keratin, phosphorus, zinc, and carbonates.

The hardness and strength of the nail depends on how much keratin is able to retain water. For flexibility, healthy nails should be 14 percent water.

Rules for the care of children's nails

To prevent the formation of pits on children's nails, it is important to take proper care of them. The kid should have his own manicure set. Scissors should have sharp and rounded tips. After cutting the nails, they should be filed with a nail file.

fungal infection

A fungal disease can also cause pits in children's nails. If your baby is sick, show the doctor to the right treatment. The specialist will prescribe treatment effective ways. The duration of treatment depends on the condition of the nail plates and the age of the small patient.

To prevent the appearance of pits, it is important to ensure that the baby does not bite his nails, and also protect them from injury.

Treatment of dents on the nails in children should be carried out only after the exact cause of the pathology has been established.

Now you know why there are pits on the nails in adults and children, as well as what ways to help eliminate them. If the dents are due to the development of some disease, it is important to treat after consulting a doctor. You should not engage in self-treatment, especially if the cause of the appearance of the pits was a fungus.

nogotochie.ru

Why do dents form on the nails?

There are dents on the nails

The appearance of nails is important not only from an aesthetic point of view, but also from a health point of view. The fact is that it is on the nail plates that many diseases manifest themselves in the first place. Therefore, it is very important to inspect your nails from time to time and pay attention to the slightest changes in their relief, color and appearance. For example, if dents appear on the nails, then this may be a reason to consult a doctor.

Fungus

This disease is transmitted by contact, through the scales of the skin of a sick person. It is incredibly contagious and very difficult to treat. There are several types of fungus, and therefore, almost any deviation from the norm in the condition of the nails can be associated with this particular lesion, including dents. It is very easy to get infected with a fungus, since the only thing that can protect against it is the body's immunity, and those who have it weakened almost always become infected.

Toenail fungus can be contracted in places where people walk barefoot or in shales, which also do not protect against the fungus. These can be showers in fitness clubs, saunas, solariums, etc. The situation is more complicated with the fungus of the nails on the hands, since they can be infected almost everywhere. However, it is less common, probably because most people wash their hands often and bacteria do not have time to enter the bloodstream.

These bacteria are very viable and can withstand both maximum heating up to 180 degrees and cooling down to -60. Therefore, the only way to get rid of them is to treat the surface with an aggressive chlorine-containing detergent. In addition, the best environment for them is a moist neutral one, so it is worth keeping your feet dry to reduce the risk of infection. An acidic environment is detrimental to infectious agents, and therefore, for prevention, you can make foot baths with lemon juice or vinegar. Also, the likelihood of infection increases in the presence of injuries and wounds on the skin, so the integrity of the cover also needs to be carefully monitored.

The reason why, with this disease, dents and pits appear on the nails in the uneven thickening of the plate. This usually occurs at a fairly late stage in the development of the disease. And therefore, it is likely that before that you already noticed earlier symptoms in yourself. In any case, if there are symptoms such as discoloration of the plate, fragility and fragility, thickening or dimples on the nail plate, it is recommended to immediately contact a dermatologist.

Avitaminosis

Pits on the nail plate

If you have dents on your fingernails, then the reasons may lie in the general condition of the body. A lack of vitamins can have a very significant negative impact on the condition of the nail plate. In this case, most often, there is also increased hair loss or brittleness, poor skin condition, etc. Avitaminosis can be seasonal or have other causes, such as recent childbirth, etc. In particular, if the dents are located in the form of transverse grooves, and even several pieces on the plate, then this indicates a lack of iron. This symptom is often observed in vegans at the very beginning of a change in the diet, when the body has not yet adapted to the lack of meat and is experiencing an acute shortage of zinc.

In order for both the nails and the whole body to return to normal, you need to start eating right and include the necessary vitamins in your diet. If we are talking about nails, then in order to improve their appearance, it is important to get enough B vitamins contained in cereals, E in butter, A and others. Of the trace elements, the most important role is played by calcium, which can be obtained by eating cheese and sour-milk products, as well as iron and zinc. If eating the right food does not bring the expected result, then you can start taking multivitamin complexes sold in pharmacies. However, it is better to be prescribed by a doctor.

Somatic diseases

Quite often, quite serious diseases of the internal organs manifest themselves through the pits on the nails of the hands. Thus, if a dent has formed on the thumb, then this is evidence of problems with the lungs and / or respiratory system. On the index - with the gastrointestinal tract and digestive system, and also, sometimes, with the intestines.

If there are pits on the nails on the middle finger, then this can serve as evidence of a whole range of problems. This may indicate problems with blood circulation and blood oxygen saturation. In addition, about problems in the cardiovascular system. A similar diagnosis can be assumed with such manifestations on the little finger. Problems with the nervous system may explain the appearance of depressions on the nail of the ring finger.