How to knit an armhole on a women's blouse. Simple ways to knit sleeves using various techniques. An example of calculating how to knit an armhole using knitting needles
You will need
- - centimeter;
- - pattern;
- - 3 knitting needles (two working and one auxiliary);
- - iron;
- - cotton fabric;
- - pins;
- - 2 skeins of yarn.
Instructions
Knit a control sample of the pattern for the future back. Often this item of clothing is done with an elastic band (knit-purl or 2 knit-2 purl), then switch to facial surface. You can also knit the back in any pattern. Each pattern involved in creating the product must be made in the form of a square canvas measuring 10x10 cm.
Put knitting samples front side down onto a soft cotton cloth, pin at the corners and steam. Now the canvas has slightly stretched in width - it is from this pattern that in the future it will be possible to accurately calculate required amount loops and rows.
Start knitting the back with an elastic band and make an elastic fabric about 8 cm high. Now you will need to expand the work a little by evenly increasing stitches. Additional loops are knitted from transverse threads (broaches) between adjacent loops.
To add one loop, insert the knitting needle under the broach from back to front, then twist the thread and knit the resulting thread bow. To ensure that the required number of loops is added to the fabric evenly, divide the work into equal intervals.
Continue knitting the back of the product in straight and reverse rows with the chosen pattern. At the end of the row, make edge loops. Please note: if convex and ornamental patterns are knitted on the back, then there should be at least 2-3 knit or purl stitches next to the future connecting seams. Otherwise, the seams will turn out too rough.
You can knit a simple back of the product in the form of a rectangle, then close the loops at the desired height. To give the product a more elegant shape, it is necessary to form the armholes of the sleeves. Calculate the height of clothing from the bottom of the elastic to the beginning of the armholes individually.
For armholes, the loops need to be decreased on every second row - this way the fabric will smoothly round on each side. For example, you need to symmetrically (left and right) cut the knitting by 6 loops. Knit a pair of adjacent loops together: - in the first step, cut 4 loops on each side; - close 6 times with 2 loops; - 7 times - 1 loop.
Usually the back is knitted either without a neckline at all, or with a shallow neckline (about 2 cm deep). The classic rounding is created by decreasing the loops along the edges of the neck. To do this, first align the neck line according to the pattern and knitting density, then mark a certain number of central loops (neck width).
Do not knit the marked stitches in the current row, but slip them onto a spare needle. Now you will have to work in parallel with two separate skeins of yarn.
Curl the neck of the back in every second row. First, symmetrically close 6 loops from each edge, then 2, and in the last step, only 1 loop.
Knitting for beginners
Knitting sleeves
Hello to all needlewomen!
We continue knitting lessons “How to bind off stitches, decreasing stitches with knitting needles when modeling an armhole.”
When modeling an armhole, it is necessary to close and reduce a certain number of loops
The loops should be closed at the beginning of the row; decreases that form the armhole should be made inside the row or along the edges. This creates a decorative effect (eg a border pointing to the left or right).
How to bind off the loops at the beginning of the armhole
On the front side of the product, close the first loops (the number of loops is indicated in the description of the work). Remove 1 loop without knitting, knit the next one according to the pattern and pull it through the removed one. Continue knitting according to the pattern, turning the work after finishing the row. On wrong side close the loops in the same way. ( Fig 1.)
Decrease stitches with knitting needles inside the row on the right
To complete the armhole, decrease 1 - 2 stitches after the 2 or 3 outer stitches of the row. On the right side of the work (at the beginning of the row), knit 2 - 3 loops along the pattern and then 2 - 3 loops along with a slant to the left. To do this, remove the loop as in knitting without knitting, knit 1, pull the knit stitch through the removed loop. (Figure 2.)
Decrease stitches with knitting needles inside the row on the left
On the front side of the work (at the end of the row) knit according to the pattern up to 4 - 5 last stitches. Next, knit 2 - 3 loops together, then knit the last 2 -3 loops according to the pattern. ( Fig 3.)
Now you know how to bind off and decrease stitches when modeling an armhole.
Before knitting the armhole, neckline and shoulders, you need to perform simple calculations.
1)Armhole.
Determine the number of loops in the width of the armhole. Let the width of the back armhole be 6 cm, the knitting density 2.2 loops and 2.4 rows in 1 cm.
6 cm x 2.2 p. = 13 p. Divide 13 loops into 3 equal parts.
13: 3 = 4 (1 remainder). When calculating, the remainder was obtained. Add it to the first part.
First part. 4 + 1 loop remainder = 5 loops. Close in 2 steps: 3 loops and 2 loops.
Second part. 4 loops - decrease 1 loop in every second row.
The third part. 4 loops - decrease 1 loop in every fourth row.
This is a classic calculation for tying an armhole. There is another “grandmother’s” method. The loops for the armhole are decreased in the following order: 4-3-2-1. For example, we close 13 loops for the armhole like this: in every second row 1 time 4 loops, 1 time 3 loops, 2 times 2 loops, 2 times 1 loop.
After decreasing the stitches for the armholes, continue knitting the back in a straight line to the shoulders.
One piece of advice. Before knitting the armhole, check the length of the back by holding it close to you.
2)Shoulders and neckline.
Make calculations on half of the pattern. Measure the width of the neckline and shoulder. For example: half neck width 8 cm, shoulder width 11 cm.
Number of loops 8 cm x 2.2 p. = 18 p.
11 cm x 2.2 p. = 24 p.
The shoulder slope is usually 2.5 cm.
2.5 cm x 2.4 r. = 6 rows. There are 3 edge loops in six rows (every 2 rows are equal to 1 edge loop).
The number of edge loops in the shoulder slope corresponds to the number of groups into which the shoulder loops must be divided when decreasing: 24p. : 3 = 8 p.
If there is a remainder, then add it to the first group. Thus, to form a shoulder, you need to decrease 8 loops 3 times in every second row.
Simultaneously with the reduction of the shoulder, the neckline is cut. Typically, the height of the back neck is approximately equal to the slope of the shoulder, i.e. 2.5 cm x 2.4 r. = 6 rows = 3 edge loops (3 groups into which the loops must be divided when decreasing).
18 p.: 3 = 6. If there is a remainder, then add it to 1 group. Thus, half of the back neckline must be decreased 3 times, 6 stitches each.
For convenience, apply the calculation results to the pattern.
1)Armhole.
Classic calculation. The width of the front armhole is greater than the width of the back armhole and in our example is 8 cm.
8 cm x 2.2 p. = 18 p. Divide this number into 4 equal parts. 18p. : 4 = 4p. + 2 remainder
It turned out 4 groups of loops, 4 in each. If you have a remainder during the calculation, add it to the second part.
First part - 4 loops
Second part. Divide into triplets - 3 loops + 1 remainder + 2 remainder loops when dividing
The third part. Divide by twos - 2 + 2
Fourth part. Divide by units: 1 + 1 + 1 +1
Apply the calculations to the pattern. Thus, decrease the loops in the following order: in every second row - 1 time for 4 loops, 2 times for 3 loops, 2 times for 2 loops and in every 4th row 4 times for 1 loop.
In modern knitting magazines, the back and front armholes are knitted the same way.
2)Shoulders The front is knitted in the same way as the back shoulders. Cutout neck the front depends on the model.
The desire to write this entry arose after the questions - how do I knit a sleeve so that it fits so well?
I have been knitting for a long time, since I was 12 years old, and my main teacher was M.V. Maximova’s book “The ABC of Knitting”. It was from this book that I learned how to knit armholes and sleeve caps correctly. Of course, each product requires some changes, but the basic calculations always remain the same.
If you take this method as a basis, then very soon you will have neat set-in sleeves.
I wish everyone good luck
Calculation and knitting of sleeve cap.
To calculate and knit an okat, it is most advisable to use a technique developed by practice. Whatever yarn you use and whatever number of needles you knit from, this technique gives fairly accurate results. Depending on the knitting density, only the number of calculation numbers changes: the looser the fabric, the fewer there are.
Let's take a look at this calculation. Divide the number of loops in segment AB (Fig. 174) into 3 equal parts (54 p. : 3 = 18 p.). If there is a remainder, then attach it to the 1st part. Next, divide the loops of each part into groups.
Rice. 174 Calculation for knitting an okat
Divide the loops of the 1st part into threes and twos, with the first half into threes, the second into twos (3 + 3 + 3 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 = 17), add the remainder to the first number (3 + 1 = 4 ).
Divide the loops of the 2nd part into units (18 units); loops of the 3rd part - into triplets (3 + 3 + 3 + 3 + 3 + 3 = 18). If there is a remainder, add it to the first number, counting from the high point of the circle (point O).
Apply the calculation results to the pattern.
Now you can start knitting the okat.
At the beginning of the front row of the 1st part (point B), fasten 4 loops in a row and knit the row to the end. Turn the knitting and at the beginning of the purl row also fasten 4 loops. Then continue casting off stitches at the beginning of each row (knit or purl) until you have reduced 18 stitches on both sides of the sleeve.
The first third of the loops of the 2nd part (18 sts: 3 = 6 sts) decrease 1 loop at the beginning and end of each front row. Cut the second third (6 loops) in the same way, but not in each front row, but every other row. Decrease the last third (6 stitches) in the same way as the first.
Fasten the loops of the 3rd part according to calculation in exactly the same way as in the 1st part: either at the beginning of the front row, or at the beginning of the purl row. When there are 6 loops left on the knitting needle (of which 3 loops on the right side of the okat plus 3 loops on the left), close them in a row.
When knitting set-in narrow sleeves, a certain pattern is observed, which is advisable to take into account. Noticed: if the arm length measurement is 52-60 cm (with normal fullness of the arms), then increases on the sleeve have to be made in every 6th row. If, with the same fullness of the arms, the length measure is 48-51 cm (short arms), then a different rhythm of additions is necessary - once in the 6th row, once in the 4th. For full and short arms (48-51 cm), loops on the sleeve should be added every 4th row. Knowing this, you can avoid calculating the additions according to the pattern, but knit the sleeves taking into account these practical conclusions.
For hand knitting this is the most comfortable and simplest cut. For a car, an accurate calculation is needed, because... During knitting, we cannot “estimate” the part on ourselves or attach it to the pattern.
So, let's take measurements. For example, I took women's measurements of size 44-46 and density 2.5p.x4r. You can substitute your measurements and densities into the formulas.
CI=60cm
ШН=92cm
DPR=68cm
ШР=25cm
GLG=10cm
GLP=23cm
front and back:
(1) number of rows on front or back
(DI - 2 cm per hem) x PR = (if there is elastic at the bottom, then you need to subtract the width of the elastic).
(60cm - 2) x 4 = 232 rows in total.
(2)number of stitches to be cast on
SN: 2 x PP =
92: 2x 2.5 = 115 loops
(3) Number of stitches per neck.
Here we use a fixed number: for men's clothing - 20-22cm
for women's clothing - 18-20cm
for children's clothing - 14-16cm
Let's take 17cm as an example.
17 x PP = number of loops per neck.
17 x 2.5 = 43 loops
(4) How many rows later will we start knitting the front neckline?.(1) - (GLG x PR) =
232 - (10x4) = 192 rows, i.e. in the 192nd row we begin to knit the neckline.
For a convenient way to knit a front neckline, see the end of the page.
I always start knitting the back neckline 6 rows before the end of knitting. (See the knitting method at the end of the page).
(5) Shoulder length((2) - (3)) divide by 2, because we have 2 shoulders)
(115 - 43): 2 = 36 stitches per shoulder.
Let's immediately convert this measurement into cm: 36p: 2.5 (PP) = 14.4 = 14cm - This number will be useful when calculating the sleeve.
sleeve:
(6) Number of rows per sleeve.
(DPR - 2 cm per hem - (5) in cm) x PR =
(68cm - 2cm - 14cm) x 4 = 208 rows per sleeve.
(7) Sleeve width at the bottom.
ShR x PP =
25 x 2.5 = 62.5 = 63 loops on the sleeve.
(8) Sleeve width at top.
GLP x 2 x PP =
23 x 2 x 2.5 = 115 stitches should be at the top of the sleeve.
It is important that both numbers (7) and (8) are either even or odd.
(9) Calculation of increases by sleeve.
((8)- (7)) : 2 =
(because we add 1 loop on 2 sides)
(115-63): 2=26 loops need to be added on each side
(10) Number of rows between increases.
(6) : (9) =
208: 26 = 8 i.e. add in every 8th row from the carriage side. For example 8(9); 16(17); 24(25), etc.
Brief recording of calculations:
Before: Cast on 115 stitches, knit a hem, counter at “0”. There are 232 rows in total.
After 192 r. front neck 43 loops.
Shoulder 36 loops.
Sleeve: Cast on 63 stitches, knit a hem, counter at “0”. There are 208 rows in total.
Increase on each side 26 times, 1 loop every 8 rows = 115 loops.
A convenient way to knit a front neckline.
I always make a round neckline like this:
I advance in PNP or close the middle (number of loops per neck - 20 loops) front loops. In our example, this is 43 - 20 = 23 loops. The remaining 20 neck loops (10 on each side) are reduced with a 3-needle decker 5 times, 2 loops each after 4 rows.
Let me clarify again: 20 is a fixed number - 10 loops on each side for rounding.
How I knit the back neckline.
I push all the needles into the PNP on the side opposite to the carriage, except for the shoulder loops on the carriage side +10 neck loops (fixed number). I knit 2 rows.
I push 5 more needles into the PNP. I knit 2 rows.
I push 5 more needles into the PNP. I knit 2 more rows.
The shoulder loops remain in the RP. I close them. I put all the needles in the PRP. I knit 1 row.
I repeat all operations on the other side.
With this method of knitting, the neckline is smooth and neat.
