Techniques for teaching the creation of nursery rhymes and fables. Nursery rhymes and jokes are small genres of oral folk art. Differences between jokes and nursery rhymes. The word as a means of creating an image Nursery rhyme about a grandmother with a bucket and a hare

Your baby cannot speak yet, looks at you and at the world around us with surprised eyes, as if he wants to understand something, ask about something. And you so want to quickly tell him about a life full of miracles, about the meaning of words and objects, about how much you love him and will always, always be there until he becomes big and strong... How can you start talking to your tiny child like this? so that he understands you and smiles happily back? For this purpose, people have long invented affectionate rhymes and sayings, the so-called nursery rhymes, designed to help parents communicate with their baby in a form accessible to him.

Nursery rhymes for newborns

Many will ask: “Why read nursery rhymes to a newly born baby? After all, he is still too young to understand anything...” However, it is not for nothing that nursery rhymes for newborns have existed for many centuries and are always popular to this day. After all, the baby reacts positively to his mother’s gentle, calm voice; he stops crying and listens carefully when they tell him a nursery rhyme. Over time, children get used to the fact that all daily processes of caring for them are accompanied by funny rhymes, and they begin to rejoice and smile as soon as they hear familiar words. Moreover, as a rule, nursery rhymes for the little ones are accompanied by pleasant affectionate stroking of the child’s arms, tummy, legs and back, as well as a kind of speech exercise. At the same time, the little person establishes contact with his mother, learns to understand human speech, and gets acquainted with his body and the surrounding reality.

Oh, swing, swing, swing,
There are rolls in our heads,
There are gingerbread cookies in my hands,
There are apples in the legs
On the sides there are candies,
Golden branches.
(Touch the head, arms, legs one by one.)

The river is wide
The banks are high.
(On the first line, arms to the sides, on the second line, stretch your arms up.)

Little chin,
Cheeks, cheeks,
Nose, lips.
And behind the lips is the tongue
He is used to making friends with a pacifier.
Eyes, eyes,
Eyebrows, eyebrows,
Forehead, clever forehead -
Mom can't stop looking at it.
(Sentence, showing where the eyes, nose, etc. are.
On the last line you can kiss your miracle.)

We woke up, stretched,
Turned from side to side!
Stretches! Stretches!
Where are the toys and rattles?
You, toy, rattle, lift our baby!

We woke up, we woke up.
(Arms to the sides, then crossed over the chest).
- Sweet, sweet stretch.
(Pull the handles up)
- Mom and Dad smiled.

Nursery rhymes for children under one year old

A growing baby becomes more and more interested in everything that surrounds him. All this time he is open to communication. Funny nursery rhymes for children under one year old will bring a lot of pleasure to both participants in the “dialogue” if they are simple, short and talk about interesting and understandable things for the baby. By the middle of the first year of life, children are completely familiar with their body parts. They understand where their nose is, where their eyes are, where their arms, legs, fingers are... Nursery rhymes for kids, such as the well-known “Ladushki” and others, help them learn and consolidate this knowledge in a playful way.

Shadow-shadow-shadow,
There is a fence above the city.
The animals sat on the fence.
We boasted all day.
The fox boasted:
- I am beautiful to the whole world!
The bunny boasted:
- Go and catch up!
Hedgehogs boasted:
- Our fur coats are good!
The bear boasted:
- I can sing songs!

Cockerel, cockerel,
golden comb,
Oil head,
Silk beard,
That you get up early
Sing loudly
Don't you let the kids sleep?

Like our cat
The fur coat is very good
Like a cat's mustache
Amazingly beautiful
Bold eyes
The teeth are white.

Owl-owl
Owl-owl,
Big head
Sits on a stump
Turns his head
Looks in all directions
Yeah yeah
It will fly!
(We raise the child’s hands up.)

Here they are in the crib
Pink heels.
Whose heels are these?
Soft and sweet?
The goslings will come running,
They'll pinch your heels.
Hide quickly, don’t yawn,
Cover with a blanket!

Where are our ears?
The pestles are listening!
Where are the eyes?
Watching fairy tales!
Where are the teeth?
They're hiding their lips!
Well, keep your mouth shut!

Okay, okay,
Where were you?
- At my grandmother's.
- What did you eat?
- Porridge.
- What did you drink?
- Mash.
Butter porridge,
Sweet mash,
Grandma is kind,
We drank, ate,
Home, let's fly! (we wave our arms and then put them on our heads)
They sat on their heads!
The little girls began to sing.

Nursery rhymes for all occasions

From the depths of centuries, nursery rhymes for children have come down to us, which were invented by caring mothers and nannies for use in the most different situations. It’s good to say them regularly when the child wakes up, washes his face, and eats.

Water, water,
Wash my face
To make your eyes sparkle,
To make your cheeks blush,
To make your mouth laugh,
So that the tooth bites.

Ay, okay, okay,
We are not afraid of water
We wash ourselves clean,
We smile at mom.

Cheeks?
Washed.
Nose?
Washed?
What about the eyes?
Forgot.

So we threw up our hands,
As if they were surprised.
And to each other to the ground
Bowed to the waist!
Bent over, straightened up,
They bent over and straightened up.
Lower, lower, don't be lazy,
Bow and smile.
(Do exercises together with the child. Starting position
- feet shoulder-width apart. Recite the poem while performing the movements.)

Pinocchio stretched,
Once - bent over,
Two - bent over,
Three - bent over.
He spread his arms to the side,
Apparently I couldn't find the key.
To get us the key,
You need to stand on your toes.
(Together with the child, recite a poem,
performing all the movements according to the text.)

(We bend our fingers one by one)
This finger is grandpa
This finger is grandma
This finger is daddy
This finger is mommy
This finger is me
That's my whole family.

This finger went into the forest,
This finger found a mushroom,
This finger has taken its place
This finger will lie tightly,
This finger has eaten a lot
That's why I got fat.

Spider, spider,
Grab Anya by the side.
Frog, frog,
Grab Anya by the ear.
Deer, deer,
Grab Anya by the knees.
Doggie, doggie,
Grab Anya by the nose.
Hippopotamus, hippopotamus,
Grab Anya by the stomach.
Wasp, wasp,
Grab Anya by the hair.
Grasshoppers, grasshoppers,
Grab Anya by the shoulders.

(insert your child's name)

Who will be there koop-kup,
Is the water squelch-squish?
To the bath quickly - jump, jump,
In the bathtub with your foot - jerk, jerk!
The soap will foam
And the dirt will go somewhere.

Oh, the little one,
Little eyes got wet.
Who will hurt the baby?
The goat will gore him.

Don't cry, don't cry
I'll buy a roll.
Don't whine, don't whine,
I'll buy another one.
Wipe away your tears
I'll give you three.

Pussy hurts
The dog is in pain
And my baby
Live, live, live.

Rails, rails (draw one, then another line along the spine)
Sleepers, sleepers (draw transverse lines)
The train was traveling late (we “travel” with a palm on the back)
From the last window
Suddenly peas began to fall (we hit the back with the fingers of both hands)
The chickens came and pecked (we tap with our index fingers)
The geese came and plucked (we pinch the back)
The fox has arrived (we stroke the back)
She waved her tail
An elephant passed (we “walk” along the back with the backs of our fists)
The elephant passed by (we “go” with our fists, but with less effort)
A little elephant passed by. (“Let’s go” with three fingers folded into a pinch)
The store director came (we “walk” along the back with two fingers)
Smoothed everything out, cleared everything out. (Stroke your back with your palms up and down)
He set up a table (representing the table with his fist)
Chair, (chair - in a pinch)
Typewriter (typewriter - with your finger)
I started typing: (we “type” on the back with our fingers)
Wife and daughter
Ding-dot. (with these words we tickle the side every time)
I'm sending you stockings
Ding dot.
Read it (move your finger as if reading)
Wrinkled, smoothed, (pinching and then stroking the back)
I read it
Wrinkled it, smoothed it out,
Folded
Sent it. (“We put the letter” by the collar) Calls for lunch.
The ducks have eaten
The cats have eaten
The mice have eaten.
Have you not yet?
Where's your spoon?
Eat at least a little!

Magpie Crow
I cooked porridge,
I jumped on the threshold,
Called guests.
There were no guests
Didn't eat porridge
All my porridge
Magpie Crow
I gave it to the kids. (we bend our fingers)
Gave this one
Gave this one
Gave this one
Gave this one
But she didn’t give it to this:
- Why didn’t you cut wood?
- Why didn’t you carry water?

Donut, flatbread
I was sitting in the oven,
She looked at us
I wanted it in my mouth.

When and how to use nursery rhymes?

Nursery rhymes are also used:

when a child is dressed for a walk;
bathe;
help you wake up in a good mood;
if the child is naughty or capricious;
to play with him;
for teaching a child in a playful way, etc.

In addition to the above-mentioned positive aspects of using nursery rhymes in raising young children, they contribute to the formation of a sense of humor, rhythm, creativity. On this page we present to you a collection of children's nursery rhymes that we have lovingly collected. We will be glad if they help you and your baby understand each other better. Have fun!

In this lesson you will get acquainted with pestushki, nursery rhymes and jokes, find out for what purpose they are used, and learn how to read them correctly.

This is a comic quatrain that contains funny words. And to find out what people call such poems, you need to decipher the following word:

Akshetop

Read it from right to left:

Nursery rhyme

Nursery rhyme - This is a cheerful folk song. Word nursery rhyme comes from the word make fun of(to laugh without malice; to make fun of someone or something). Nursery rhymes are called folk because they were created by the people. When children were lulled to sleep or cheered up so that they would not cry, such nursery rhymes were told or sung to them.

Read some of them:

Knocking, strumming along the street:

Foma rides a chicken

Timoshka on a cat

Along a crooked path(Fig. 2) .

Rice. 2. “Knocking, strumming down the street” ()

There was a clock hanging on the wall,

The cockroaches ate the arrow

The mice tore off the weights,

And the clock did not start ticking.

And the cat, the cat, the cat,

Curly pubis,

I stole a ball from my grandmother,

And hid it in a corner,

And grandma caught up

She picked me up for my forelock(Fig. 3) .

Rice. 3. “And the cat, the cat, the cat...” ()

Read a few poems:

- Fedul, why are you pouting your lips?

- The caftan burned through.

- Can I sew it up?

- Yes, there is no needle.

- How big is the hole?

- One gate left(Fig. 4) .

- I caught a bear!

- So bring it here!

- It doesn’t work that way.

- So lead it yourself!

- Yes, he won’t let me in!(Fig. 5)

Dog

- Dog, why are you barking?

- I scare the wolves.

- The dog has its tail between its legs?

- I'm afraid of wolves.

Think about how the poems you read above differ from nursery rhymes? Both are funny, but the last poems are built in the form of a dialogue (a conversation between two people or animals). These are not nursery rhymes, these are jokes.

People call little fairy tales, short funny stories sometimes in the form of dialogue jokes .

Jokes differ from jokes and nursery rhymes in that they are not associated with any game movements. But they have some kind of fairy-tale plot. For example:

Fidgety baby

Light head,

He pours out, sings,

Just like the nightingale!

It doesn’t matter that there is no skill,

Much joy from singing(Fig. 6) .

Get out of the way cat!

Tanya the doll is walking,

It won't fall for anything!

The Russian people, like any other, have their own priceless wealth - folklore. Mothers, grandmothers, and nannies composed jokes, songs, and nurseries for their little children.

Pestushki - these are small poems that were accompanied by the movements of a small child with his arms and legs.

Word pestles comes from the word nurture- to groom, cherish, nurse.

When the baby wakes up and stretches, they stroke his tummy and chant:

Stretchers,

teenagers,

mouth talking,

grasping hands,

A child’s knowledge of surrounding objects is formed depending on what they tell him, so little animals are endowed with human qualities.

Nursery rhymes, jokes, and nurseries need to be told in a special voice: affectionately, tenderly, so that the child understands that they are addressed specifically to him, and so that the child understands what the mother, nanny or grandmother wants to tell the child with these nursery rhymes or nurseries. Read them slowly, in a sing-song voice, gently. For example:

Dog in the kitchen

Bakes pies.

Cat in the corner

Rusks are pushing.

Cat in the window

Sews a dress.

Chicken in boots

Sweeps the hut(Fig. 8) .

Rice. 8. “The dog is in the kitchen...” ()

This is how a baby grows:

pestles - we rock them in our arms, lull them to sleep;
nursery rhymes - we play with hands and feet;
jokes - we teach to understand the world around us.

References

Kubasova O.V. Favorite pages: Textbook on literary reading for grade 2, 2 parts. - Smolensk: “21st Century Association”, 2011.
Kubasova O.V. literary reading: Workbook to the textbook for grade 2, part 2. - Smolensk: “21st Century Association”, 2011.
Kubasova O.V. Methodological recommendations for textbooks for grades 2, 3, 4 (with electronic supplement). - Smolensk: “21st Century Association”, 2011.
Kubasova O.V. Literary reading: Tests: 2nd grade. - Smolensk: “21st Century Association”, 2011.

Detyam-knigi.ru ().
Nsportal.ru ().
Doc4web.ru ().

Homework

Define pestles.
Explain the difference between nursery rhymes and jokes.
Learn your favorite nursery rhyme by heart.

My youngest daughter and I do homework in the evenings in the kitchen when I come home from work. My daughter Sanechka is a scratch child; when she was born, the older children were already finishing school. And everyone was immensely happy about her birth, and nursed her together from the first days of her life. And now, when the older kids have all become independent and scattered in all directions, Sanechka and I are left alone, and I have to go through the school journey with her all over again from the very beginning. First grade was difficult for us; there were more worries and failures than joy and pride from success. Sashka entered the second grade with confidence, a desire to study appeared, and school friends finally appeared. The child is ripe for school.

Of all the school subjects, Sashka loves reading most. Moreover, it is difficult for her to read large texts on her own; we always read them together, but poems, nursery rhymes, and tongue twisters cause her a sea of joy and emotions.

After work, what I want most is to switch off for at least half an hour, but when I open the door, it immediately becomes clear that this is impossible. Our kitten meets me first; he jumps sideways around the corner, jumps at me, and immediately rushes to the bowl screaming. My dear Sanechka is jumping after him. Her ponytail is askew, her elastic band has become tangled during the day, and she still doesn’t know how to tie her hair on her own. He has a reading textbook in his hands and rushes to hug me with it.

After feeding the kitten, we both sit down to dinner ourselves. Sashka chatters, talking about all his daily adventures, school successes, homework. The reading topic they are currently studying is oral folklore, or folklore. This word doesn’t come easily to Sashka, and I don’t understand why second-graders need it. The theme itself is very good, there are riddles, and epics about Ilya Muromets. I tell my daughter that Ilya Muromets really existed, that he really was a man of great strength, that in epics there is a lot of fiction and fairy tales about him, but he really was a defender and a hero, so he was preserved in people’s memory. That Ilya Muromets rests in the Kiev-Pechersk Lavra, where he died as a schema-monk, and where he was canonized.

My daughter falls silent for a while, digesting dinner and the information she received from me.
- Mom, we were given such an interesting task today! But I can’t do it without you. We have a funny picture in our textbook, we need to come up with a nursery rhyme for it, but my rhymes are all over the place.
-Have you eaten? Don't you want to eat anymore? Let's clear the table then, and we'll make up a nursery rhyme...
- Mom, hurray, you caught the rhyme!
- It happened by chance, when on assignment - then the rhymes really run wild, daughter.

We clear the table, take a textbook and notepad, and start thinking.
In the picture for which you need to come up with a nursery rhyme, it’s unclear what is drawn. The granny, the girl, the hare, the chicken and the mouse are running in different directions, scattering buckets of water and apples. Go ahead, come up with something worthwhile...
We think for an hour. We twist this way and that, we both laugh until we cry. The result is a masterpiece:

The grandmother ran with buckets,
slipped and fell.
Grandma scared her granddaughter
And she lost the bucket.
And the animals fled, and they also lost the buckets.
Hare clap - apple in the forehead!
Chicken shvah - cluck-cack-cack!
The mouse makes a break - she has a bruise!

We especially laugh at the poor mouse, and we go to bed laughing. At night, my daughter smiles in her sleep. She dreams of a mouse with a bruise on her butt, and a grandmother with buckets. Or maybe also Ilya Muromets, about whom I talked so much this evening. It’s such a joy when you can do homework, drink tea and laugh together like this. And then watch your child smile in his sleep. Simple moments of true happiness.

Previously, nursery rhymes and nursery rhymes were an integral part of raising a child. They were passed down from generation to generation and were a wonderful way to communicate with a baby. Today we use these funny folk poems less and less and are not even aware of the enormous benefits they bring.

First of all, nursery rhymes and nursery rhymes are a way to establish contact with the baby and provide pleasant emotions. During pestling, you can give a light massage to the child, stroking the arms and legs. When mom pronounces a rhythmic nursery rhyme or nursery rhyme, she does it expressively, affectionately, drawing out the vowel sounds. Babies like this kind of speech, they understand it, and thus the foundations are laid for the development of speech from the first months of the baby’s life. And for this you don’t need to do anything special - just have a nice time with your baby, accompanying some of your actions with nursery rhymes or nurseries.

With the help of nursery rhymes and pestles, you can play with your child and introduce him to the world around him through simple and easy communication. They are also indispensable when it is necessary to distract or calm the child, to accustom him to the daily routine: wash, dress, comb his hair, go to bed. With nursery rhymes one masters one’s native speech and develops fine motor skills, a sense of rhythm and an emotional connection between mother and baby is established.

All these are good reasons not to forget to pamper and entertain your baby with funny nursery rhymes, jokes and jokes.

In the morning when the baby woke up

We woke up
We woke up.
Sweet, sweet reached out.
Mom and Dad smiled.

We woke up, stretched,
Turned from side to side!
Stretches! Stretches!
Where are the toys and rattles?
You, toy, rattle, lift our baby!

Pull-ups:
In little hands - grips,
In the legs - walkers,
In the mouth - a talker,
And in the head - reason!

Who, who lives in this room?
Who, who rises with the sun?
Mashenka woke up
Turned from side to side,
And, throwing back the blanket,
Suddenly she stood up on her own feet!
(A. Barto)

The sun looks out the window,
It shines into our room.
We will clap our hands -
We are very happy about the sun.

Cockerel cockerel
golden comb,
Oil head,
Silk beard.
That you get up early
Sing loudly
Don't you let Sasha sleep?

For washing

Ay, okay, okay,
We are not afraid of water
We wash ourselves clean,
We smile at mom.

Okay, okay,
Wash your little paws with soap.
Clean palms
Here's some bread and spoons for you.

Water, water,
Wash my face
To make your eyes sparkle,
To make your cheeks blush,
To make your mouth laugh,
So that the tooth bites!

The swan geese were flying,
They flew into an open field,
We found a bathhouse in the field,
The little swan was given a bath.

The bunny began to wash himself.
Apparently he was going to visit.
I washed my mouth,
I washed my nose,
I washed my ear
It's dry!

For combing

You grow, grow, braid,
To the silk belt:
How will you grow, braid,
You will be a beauty to the city.

Cockerel cockerel,
Comb my comb.
Well, please, please
I'll comb my curls.

For dressing

Masha put on her mitten.
“Oh, where am I going?”
Masha took off her mitten,
Look, I found it!

We have only one Vanechka,
We won't give it to anyone.
We'll sew him a coat,
We'll send him for a walk.

Our Katya is little,
She's wearing a scarlet fur coat,
beaver edge,
Katya is black-browed.

When we cook food

Okay, okay,
Let's bake pancakes.
We'll put it on the window.
Let's make it cool down.
And when it cools down, we’ll eat
And we'll give it to the sparrows.

Cunning saucepan
She cooked porridge for us
Covered it with a handkerchief.
And he waits and waits
Who will come first?

Carcasses, carcasses,
Mom baked vitushki,
Mom baked vitushki
For my beloved Ilyushka.

Ay, tu-tu, ah, tu-tu,
Cook some porridge,
Add some milk
Feed the Cossack.

There are rolls in the oven,
Hot as fire.
For whom are they baked?
Rolls for Mashenka,
They are hot for Mashenka.

For feeding

Clever girl, Katenka,
Eat some sweet porridge
Delicious, fluffy,
Soft, fragrant.

The delicious porridge is steaming,
Sasha sits down to eat porridge,
The porridge is very good
We ate the porridge leisurely.
Spoon by spoon
We ate a little.

The cat went to the stove -
I found a pot of porridge.
There are rolls on the stove,
Hot as fire.
Gingerbread cookies are baking
They don't let the cat get into their paws.

Our Vanyusha is restless,
He won't finish his lunch.
They sat down, stood up, sat down again,
And then they ate all the porridge.

Lyuli, lyuli, lyulenki,
The little ones have arrived,
The ghouls began to say:
“What should we feed Mashenka?”
One will say: “Porridge”
Another: “Sour milk”
The third will say: “With milk,
And a ruddy pie."

Donut, flatbread
She was sitting in the oven,
She looked at us
I wanted it in my mouth.

Come on, come on, come on, come on!
Don't grumble, pots,
Don't grumble, don't hiss,
Cook sweet porridge.
Cook sweet porridge,
Feed our baby.

The cat went to market,
The cat bought a pie
The cat went to the street,
The cat bought a bun.
Do you have it yourself?
Or demolish Mashenka?
I'll bite myself
Yes, and I’ll demolish Mashenka.

For the first steps

Baby, little baby,
Little remote
Walk along the path
Stomp your foot, baby

Big feet
Walked along the road:
TOP, TOP, TOP!
Little feet
Running along the path:
Top-top-top-top-top!

Pussy, pussy, pussy, scat!
Don't sit on the path:
Our baby will go
It will fall through the pussy.

For comfort

Don't cry, don't cry
I'll buy a roll.
Don't whine, don't whine,
I'll buy another one.
Wipe away your tears
I'll give you three.

Don't cry, don't cry baby
A squirrel will jump up to you,
Will bring nuts
For Car nursery rhymes.

Pussy will come slowly
And pet the baby
Meow-meow - the pussy will say
Our baby is good.

For going to bed

Little bunnies
They wanted some goodies,
They wanted some goodies,
Because they are bunnies.
We'll get some sleep
We'll lie on our backs.
We'll lie on our backs
And let's sleep quietly.

The night has come
Brought darkness
The cockerel dozed off
The cricket started singing
It's late, son,
Lie down on your side
Bye-bye, go to sleep...

You, little kitten,
Kitty - gray tail!
Come and spend the night with us,
Rock our Mashenka,
Rock our Mashenka,
To lull.
How am I for you, cat?
I will pay for the work:
I'll give you a piece of the pie
And a jug of milk.

Sleep walks around the cradle -
Bye, bye.
Whose eyes wanted to sleep here?
I know, I know.
Don't shake them with your fists, close them,
Sleep rocks the cradle.
Go to sleep.

(we bend our fingers)
This finger wants to sleep
This finger went to bed
This finger just took a nap,
This finger has already fallen asleep.
This one is fast, sound asleep.
Quiet! Hush, don't make noise!
The red sun will rise,
The clear morning will come.
The birds will chirp
Fingers will stand up!
(fingers straighten)

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