Physical education and health work for younger preschool children. Health-improving work in the second junior group System of physical education and health-improving work in the junior group
INTRODUCTION
1. SCIENTIFIC AND THEORETICAL APPROACHES TO THE ORGANIZATION OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION AND HEALTHCARE WORK IN PRESENTER EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS
1.1. FEATURES OF PHYSICAL DEVELOPMENT OF PRESCHOOL CHILDREN
1.3. MONITORING THE HEALTH AND PHYSICAL DEVELOPMENT OF PRESCHOOL CHILDREN
2. SYSTEM (MODEL) OF PHYSICAL AND HEALTH-RELATING WORK WITH JUNIOR PRESCHOOL CHILDREN
2.1. STATE OF HEALTH AND PHYSICAL DEVELOPMENT OF YOUNGER PRESCHOOL CHILDREN
2.2. IMPLEMENTATION OF A MODEL OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION AND HEALTH WORK IN THE JUNIOR GROUP OF A KINDERGARTEN
2.3. RESULTS OF EXPERIMENTAL WORK
CONCLUSION
LIST OF LITERARY SOURCES
APPLICATIONS
Excerpt from the text
In addition, younger schoolchildren with disabilities health, there are various functional disorders and chronic diseases, which leads to a discrepancy between the pedagogical requirements placed on such children and the possibilities for meeting them, which often becomes the cause of problems in school life.
Various forms of morning exercises with children of the younger group of kindergarten
This is regulated and ensured by a number of regulatory documents: the Laws of the Russian Federation “On Education”, “On the Sanitary and Epidemiological Welfare of the Population”, the Decree of the President of Russia “On Urgent Measures to Ensure the Health of the Population in the Russian Federation”, the “Convention on the Rights of the Child”, etc. In the "Modernization Concept" Russian education for the period until 2010" (order of the Government of the Russian Federation dated December 29, 2001 No. 1756-r) emphasizes one hundred for the "creation necessary conditions to achieve a new, modern quality of general education, it is planned to optimize educational and physical activity and create conditions in educational institutions to preserve and strengthen children’s health
We have put forward a hypothesis that a corner of nature is of particular importance in the development of cognitive, moral-value and practical (labor) components of the ecological culture of preschool children; the greatest positive effect is achieved under the condition of systematic and systematic work.
Thousands of children leave school without even finishing 9th grade. This aggravates the crime situation. Today we can state that the production social protection teenagers in Russia are gradually emerging from the crisis to a new professional level. In many regions, an extensive system of social services is being created and operates, employing a large corps of qualified social teachers and workers.
The pedagogical significance of a correct understanding of this problem is that emotions play a large role in the child’s formation of ways and techniques for mastering activities. In other words, emotions largely determine the effectiveness of learning in the narrow sense of the word (as assimilation), and also take part in the formation of any creative activity of the child, in the development of his thinking. This group of emotions accompanying cognitive activity and ensuring the efficiency of the cognition process are called intellectual.
Physical education planning health work as a means of increasing the level of physical development of preschool children
List of information sources
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27.Lapitskaya E.M. Physical education for children. Edited by M.M. Bezrukikh. M.: Eksmo, 2009. - 176 p.
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bibliography
Nina Stolyarova
The issues of protecting and protecting the health of children are currently the primary task of the state. The most important determining factor of health is considered to be a reasonable, conscious choice of means and actions for the formation of health and a healthy lifestyle.
The task of parents and teachers is to return to the true value - a healthy lifestyle, to instill in a child from an early age the right attitude towards his health, to help him choose only healthy factors that correspond to health and abandon harmful ones. Achievement of set goals and objectives depends on the merger of three indicators: heredity – environment – education, with education being the most changeable indicator.
Work in our group organized in a number of areas, one of which is the protection and promotion of children’s health.
To save the younger generation, to provide them with healthy development, work in physical education we build on several directions:
Creating conditions for physical development and reducing morbidity in children
Complete solution physical education- health-improving tasks in contact with medical ones employees
Raising a healthy child through the joint efforts of kindergarten and family.
Based on the approximate general education program preschool education "CHILDHOOD" edited by T. I. Babaeva, A. G. Gogoberidze, O. V. Solntseva, I set myself the following tasks in physical education:
1) protecting the lives and promoting the health of children (health improvement);
2) timely formation of their motor skills;
3)development of physical qualities (dexterity, speed, flexibility, endurance, strength, etc.);
4) education of cultural and hygienic skills and habits;
5) developing interest in physical exercise and outdoor games;
6) ensuring the need for a healthy lifestyle, as well as the formation moral qualities and volitional qualities of the individual.
For the full physical development of children, the realization of the need for movement, group the necessary conditions: thoughtful placement physical education corner, the presence of sports equipment (traditional and non-traditional, including for the prevention of flat feet. All this increases children’s interest in physical education, allows children to practice all types of basic movements indoors.
Of course, special importance in education healthy child is given to the development of movements and physical culture of children in physical education classes. Children who regularly study physical education, are distinguished by cheerfulness, good spirits and high efficiency.
We use various options carrying out physical education classes:
Traditional classes
Classes consisting of a set of outdoor games
Story-based activities
Thematic
Daily morning exercises and outdoor games became an obligatory part of the physical activity regime.
We pay special attention to hardening procedures, which include compliance:
Systematicity
Gradualism
Taking into account age and individual capabilities
Creating a positive emotional mood
We use the following hardening procedures and measures to prevent poor posture and flat feet: sleeping without shirts; walking barefoot after sleep; trampling on a rug with spikes and others.
Relieve children's fatigue, enhance mental Physical education minutes help me work.
To correct physical and motor development, individual Job with children on mastering basic types of movement.
“The health and happiness of our children largely depend on the organization of physical education in kindergarten and family...” - this phrase belongs to academician N. M. Amosov.
It is necessary for parents to become like-minded people in matters of physical education and health improvement for children. It’s not without reason that in Art. 18 Law of the Russian Federation "About Education" It says: “Parents are the first teachers. They are obliged to lay the foundations for the physical, moral and intellectual development of the child’s personality in early childhood.”
Based on all this, I set myself the following tasks in work with parents on issues of physical development and health improvement children:
Arouse parents’ interest in organizing children’s motor activity;
To develop parental knowledge that allows children to develop a conscious attitude towards a healthy lifestyle;
Increase the role of the family in the physical education and development of children.
Throughout the year, consultations were held for parents, such as: How: "Motor toy library", "Hardening Children", “Being on the move means improving your health”. The material in the health corner is updated twice a month. A photo exhibition was organized “Mom, dad, I’m a sports family!”, where parents presented their own essays and photographs about healthy way life in their family. We learned that many people have sports equipment at home, that many families play sports, ride a bike, and use their free time to relax in nature.
Childhood is a unique period in a person’s life, during which health is formed and personality develops. A child takes away from childhood something that is retained for the rest of his life. Therefore, raising physically healthy and strong children depends on teachers and parents.
Publications on the topic:
Physical education and health work in preschool educational institutions It is necessary to begin work on physical education by determining the level of development of motor skills and abilities, that is, with diagnostics.
“Formation of physical education and health work in preschool educational institutions” from work experience“A strong but not seasoned person is like a fortress with thick, high walls, in which they forgot to put a gate,” says popular wisdom.
Physical education and health work with older children Physical education and health work in senior group“Bees” for the 2015–2016 academic year was conducted in the following areas: creating health.
Physical education and health work in kindergartens is now receiving increased attention, because a significant proportion of children have problems.
Plan for the second health week younger group"Rays"
Target: give an idea of health, its meaning, methods of preservation and strengthening; to form an idea of the value of health, the desire to lead a healthy lifestyle, to carry out a comprehensive plan of activities consisting of various types of physical education and health work aimed at the formation of personality in socio-psychological, intellectual, motor development, health promotion, hardening and physical development of children, strengthening children's – parental relationship.
Tasks:
- formation of KGN body care
- create problematic situations that clearly demonstrate the importance of a correct attitude to health
- formation in the child of self-preservation motives, nurturing the habit of thinking and taking care of his health.
Summary of the health event “Health Day” in the second junior group “Luchiki”
Theme: “Winter fun”
Physical education director: Koloskova O.A.
Educator: Babaeva N.N.
Program content.
Target: Improving motor skills and strengthening
Tasks:
- Improving the skill of jumping on two legs in place, moving forward, in length from a place, pushing off with both legs.
- Improving walking in different directions without bumping, throwing the ball at a distance with the right and left hand.
- Improving children's walking and running while maintaining distance.
- Develop dexterity, eye, sense of balance, coordination of movements, fine motor skills, speech breathing, desire to play outdoor games with teachers, activate children’s speech, ability to answer teachers’ questions.
- Cultivate a friendly attitude towards each other, the ability to hear signals and respond to them, cultivate attentiveness and organization.
Preliminary work.
Game exercises: “Warm-up”, “Sdrifts and snowflakes”, “Reindeer sleigh”, outdoor game “Snowman-trap”, riddles about winter sports.
Materials, tools, equipment: costumes: Snowman, Baba Yaga. Hoops.
Characters: children, physical education director, teacher.
Progress of the event.
Snowman meets children
Snowman:
Hello guys.
My greetings to all the guys and such a word!
Love sports from an early age - you will be healthy!
I invite you to a sports competition. Do you know what the Spartakiad is?
Children: No!
Snowman: The Spartakiad is a sporting competition named after Spartacus, who was a very strong human gladiator! The competition took place over several days, several stages. The strongest were awarded medals.
Snowman: What's that noise? What's all this fuss?...
It’s not a joke to come to our holiday,
Whirling snow whirlwinds,
From far away
Grandma Yaga is coming!
Baba Yaga appears on a broom.
Baba Yaga: - Oh, oh, oh, my legs froze,
I've been on the road for a long time,
Through snowdrifts and windfalls
I’m going to see the children I know!
Mash old bones,
Show yourself to people!
Snowman: - Here, Yaga, is a sports festival,
Are you, Yaga, an athlete?
Baba Yaga: What are you saying, what an athlete I am, I am Baba Yaga - a bone leg! I won’t let you hold a sports competition, and I took your medals into the forest! Why do you need to compete now? There is nothing to reward! Ha ha ha!
Snowman: Guys, we won't be upset. The most important thing in a competition is participation, and the most important thing is that everyone has a lot of fun and interest. How about we do a warm-up?
Children: Let's go!
Warm up.
Snowman:
The kids are tough and you are Grandmother Yaga
We went out onto the site. (They walk freely around the site)
The tough kids are doing exercises!
We guys need to stand up (Stop, raise hands)
Raise your hands slowly
Squeeze your fingers, then unclench them, (They clench their fingers into fists and unclench them.)
Hands down and stand like that. (They lower their hands down.)
Lean right, left, (Lean to the right, left.)
And we will go for a walk boldly. (They walk in place.)
Baba Yaga: I see you weren’t even upset, didn’t cry, and I prepared the first obstacle for you.
Crossing on ice floes (hoops).
Children stand in columns, hoops with two stripes lie on the snow, children jump from hoop to hoop.
Baba Yaga: Is it really so interesting without medals?
Children: Very interesting.
Snowman: We don't need your medals, Baba Yaga. Our children have not gathered here for any awards. They just love sports, holidays and fun. And our children are all very strong and healthy.
Baba Yaga: Healthy? No, I don't understand this. Everything hurts, everything aches and cracks (points to himself).
Snowman: Of course it will hurt. All you do is harm children. I forgot about sports.
Baba Yaga: Forgive me! Take me as your athlete! Teach me how to become healthy.
Snowman: Children, let's forgive Baba Yaga? Shall we leave her at our Spartakiad?
Children: Let's leave Baba Yaga.
Baba Yaga: To live a hundred years in the world,
We need to be friends with sports!
So I came to the guys,
Help me, friends!
Teach me how to exercise and make friends with sports.
Snowman: Guys, let's help Grandma Yaga be healthy and athletic?
Children: Of course, we will help.
Baba Yaga: Do you guys know winter sports?
Children: Yes!
Baba Yaga: Now I'll take a look. I will ask you riddles about sports, and you will guess mine. puzzles.
1.Two birch horses
They carry me through the snow.
These red horses
And their name is…….(skis).
2. I have guys
Two silver horses.
I ride both at once
What kind of horses do I have? (skates).
3. We stood all summer, waited for winter,
When the time was right, we rushed down the mountain. (sled).
4. This riddle is not easy:
I always write with two Ks.
Hit both the ball and the puck with your stick.
And my name is…..(hockey).
Baba Yaga: Yes, it’s true, the guys know about sports and know how to solve my riddles.
Snowman: It's time for us to move on to the next obstacles. Whichever team can navigate the maze on a reindeer sled the fastest without the participants falling, that team wins.
Relay race “On reindeer sleds”.
Teams stand in pairs, the first player (deer) stands in a hoop, the second (reindeer herder) holds on to the hoop and makes their way through the mazes.
Snowman: Well done, guys! Friendship won! Now we've reached the main sports arena! Here we will hold another competition.
Outdoor game "Snowman - Trap"
At Baba Yaga’s signal, the Snowman catches the children: “One – two – three! Catch it!” children run around the playground, the Snowman catches them.
Snowman: Oh, well done, I didn’t catch anyone. Well, Baba Yaga, have you started to hurt less, have you stretched your bones, otherwise you’re lying on the stove, doing nothing?
Baba Yaga: Yes, I can turn sideways and lean down.
Snowman: That's good, if you always do physical education, you will become as strong and healthy as our kids.
Baba Yaga: And I just have one interesting game for you.
Game exercise “Snowdrifts and Snowflakes”.
Baba Yaga: We are not afraid of frost,
We are attentive in everything
I’ll say “drifts” - we sit down,
I’ll say “icicles” and we’ll all get up.
When I say “snowflakes” - we’re spinning,
“Christmas tree” - clap our hands.
Baba Yaga: Children, you will forgive me for taking your medals. I looked for them and looked for them, but I didn’t find all of them, but only the gold ones. And I want to present them to you for participating in the sports competition. You will all receive gold medals, because you are all strong, dexterous, accurate, fast.
(Baba Yaga and the presenter present medals to everyone).
Baba Yaga: What a great fellow you all are, congratulations to everyone on your victory. Thank you for showing me how to exercise in order to always be healthy, strong and agile. Goodbye, guys!
Snowman: Well done, guys! You all did a very good job with all of today’s tasks and rightfully received a gold medal. The snowman takes the children to the playground.
Abstract on continuously educational activities on speech development in the second junior group “Luchiki”
Topic: “Journey to the land of health.”
Educator: Babaeva N.N.
Program content.
Training tasks. To form in children a desire to lead a healthy lifestyle, the need for a healthy lifestyle, a negative attitude towards bad habits, simple skills safe behavior during games, warm-ups, and exercises. To consolidate knowledge, skills about the correct use of hygiene items and cultural and hygienic skills.
Developmental tasks. To develop independence and creativity when performing physical exercises, in warm-ups and games, a dialogical form of speech, the ability to interact and get along with each other in a short game together.
Educational tasks. Bring up careful attitude to your health, responsiveness and kindness. Arouse an emotional response and desire to participate in warm-ups and games.
Materials: animal toys: bunny, frog, tiger cub, soundtracks of musical games and warm-ups: “Here we are sitting on the bus,” “Two little frogs”; song about health, educational cartoon “How to brush your teeth properly”, hoops, bumps and stumps, toothpaste, toothbrush, envelope.
Preliminary work:
- conversations: “What is health?”, “Who are microbes?”, “What do we do in kindergarten to avoid getting sick?”, “Good habits,” “ Bad habits", "Useful and healthy food";
- learning proverbs: “In healthy body– healthy spirit”, “Health is more valuable than gold”, “No amount of money can buy health”, “Sun, air and water are our faithful friends”, “Cleanliness is the key to health”;
- viewing the paintings: “Cultural and hygienic skills”, “Playing sports”, “Day routine”;
- learning poems for the lesson: “Brush your teeth twice a day...”, “Wash your face more often with soap...”;
- learning nursery rhymes: “Water, water...”, “Scented soap, white, soap...”, “Oh, okay, okay, okay, we’re not afraid of water...”.
- reading fairy tales: K. Chukovsky “Moidodyr”, “Fedorino’s grief”; Z. Aleksandrova “In the morning”, “Bathing”; A. Barto “Dirty Girl”, “Roaring Girl”.
GCD move:
To create a joyful mood in children at the beginning of the lesson, musical game “What kind of people are they, they behave so funny.”
What kind of people are they that behave so funny?
Ears are like sails! Such miracles!
(Children put their hands to their ears and run in a circle)
He nods his head and hits himself on the knees!
What kind of people are these? He behaves so funny!
He took his nose with his hand and leads himself forward!
What kind of people are these? He behaves so funny!
He saws with one hand and hits nails with the other!
Educator: Guys, today we will take a trip to the land of “Health”, where we will learn a lot of new and interesting things. And how you can improve your health. Look how many guests we have, they also want to hear from us how to be healthy and never get sick. Guys, say hello to the guests!
(children greet guests together: “Hello!”)
Educator: When meeting, people usually say this kind, magic word, wishing each other health. What is health? Children's answers.
Educator: A person’s health depends on himself, and for this we must be physically active, play sports, walk a lot, be kind, eat right. Let's lead a healthy lifestyle and live happily ever after. And now I invite you to the bus, let's go travel. You, Pasha, will be the driver, and the rest of us will be passengers (Children sit on chairs, an impromptu bus)
Educator: Guys, look, there’s some kind of letter here (Takes the letter and reads it: There is trouble in the Forest! The forest inhabitants need your help! Hurry, hurry there!)
Educator: I wonder what happened? What's the problem? Guys, let's go into the forest to find out what happened and help the forest inhabitants.
Musical warm-up – game “Here we are sitting on the bus” (Audio recording)
(Children agree)
Educator: Well, here’s the first stop. Let's jump into the forest over bumps and stumps, friends. (children jump over bumps and stumps, circles are black and brown).
Children come to the “Forest” and are greeted by a bunny (a child in the older group).
Bunny: Bunnies cry - their teeth ache
We don't like brushing our teeth
Neither outside nor inside -
Three fell apart at once!
Educator: What a disaster! We will teach you guys what to do to prevent your teeth from hurting.
Children: Reading a poem
You need to brush your teeth twice a day.
Cleaning takes a long time - three minutes.
Clean with a brush, not a shaggy one,
The pasta is delicious and aromatic.
Brush up and down -
Well, germs, beware!
Screening of educational cartoon “How to brush your teeth properly”
Bunnies: Thank you guys!
We need to enter it!
Children crawl like a snake into the standing arches.
They meet a toy frog.
Educator: What happened to your little frogs? Why are you so sad?
Little Frog:
We jumped through the swamp,
We jumped and tried.
What did you see in the swamp?
That's what they treated themselves to.
Suddenly our stomachs hurt
We all immediately turned pale.
We lie and cry on our sides.
Educator:
And now we will help you and the guys. (Children read the verse).
You little frogs, try your best.
Wash your face with soap more often!
Wash your paws before eating!
We need warm water
From plain water and soap
Microbes are losing their power.
Nursery rhyme “Water, water”
Educator: Guys, what else should you do to avoid getting sick? (Children's answers).
Educator: That's right, you need to play sports! Let's invite the frogs to do warm-up “Two little frogs”. (Children do warm-up together with the frogs).
Educator: Well, the frog is already laughing, which means he feels better. Let's say goodbye to him and jump on. (Children jump on two legs, moving forward into the hoops behind the teacher).
Educator: Look, guys, we jumped into a clearing in the forest, do you feel how clean the air is?
Children inhale deeply through the nose and exhale noisily through the mouth:
Educator: Look at each other’s noses, they are small, the holes for breathing are small, and if you open your mouth too much, how big it is!
Children look at each other's noses, touch their own noses and open their mouths wide.
Educator: If we breathe through our nose, then germs and dust will get stuck in the nose, and if we breathe through our mouth, then the person will be like a “vacuum cleaner.” Germs will get into your throat and it will hurt. Try breathing through your nose and then through your mouth.
Children alternate breathing through their nose and mouth.
Educator: Let’s bring our palm to our mouth and quietly, slowly breathe on our palm: what kind of air is it, warm or cold?
Children breathe slowly into the palm of their hand raised to their mouth:
- Warm.
Educator: We are all living people and warmth is inside us. Anyone who breathes through their mouth releases a lot of heat from themselves, so even in summer they can catch a cold.
The children saw a tiger cub whose voice had disappeared and he could not roar.
Educator: Guys, why do you think the tiger cub lost his voice?
Children: Because the tiger cub was breathing incorrectly.
Educator: Correct. Let's show the tiger cub how to breathe correctly (held breathing exercises: take in air through your nose and say as you exhale - you’re tired).
Educator: Well, well done guys, you taught the tiger cub to breathe correctly.
Guys, now I want to teach you how to restore nasal breathing.
The teacher spends with the children Exercise "Gurgling" (in front of each child is a glass 1/3 filled with water and a cocktail tube. Inhale deeply through the nose, then exhale deeply into the tube).
Educator: Well done guys! We helped the tiger cub, and you all learned to restore nasal breathing. Unfortunately, our fun journey to the land of “Health” is coming to an end, let’s remember together what we need to do to be healthy? (Children's answers)
Educator: Well done, guys! You need to want and be able to take care of your health. If you don't take care of your health, you can lose it. Health is happiness! This is when you are cheerful and everything works out for you. Everyone needs health - children, adults, and even animals.
Now take your seats on our bus and we'll go to kindergarten.
(Phonogram - song about health)
Parents’ meeting “What we can, what we can do, or Fostering independence in children of primary preschool age”
The format of the event is a round table.
Target:
- To form cultural and hygienic skills in children of primary preschool age (3-4 years) in Everyday life in kindergarten and in the family.
- Introduce the concepts of “whim” and “stubbornness” and the reasons for their occurrence.
- Teach parents to see behind negative manifestations the child’s desire for independence as the formation of a child’s personality.
Event plan
1. introduction teacher
2. Workshop “Learning to raise children correctly”
3. Monitoring testing “My Child”
4. Discussion of the problem
5. Consultation with a teacher-psychologist “On stubbornness and whims”
Stages of the event.
- Design of a photo stand from the life of the group “Health is the Head of Everything”, invitations for parents, design of the album “Photo - collage “In nature for health””
- Preparing material for a presentation
- Preparation of visual material for parent meetings in the form of presentations and memos.
2. Organizational stage
The parents of the pupils are seated in a circle.
“Situations for Analysis” postcards are laid out on the tables.
3. Introductory part of the meeting
Progress of the event.
The teacher introduces parents to the topic, purpose and objectives parent meeting, reports the plan for its implementation. The teacher draws attention to the fact that we are all different, but you can always find what unites us. What unites us is that you and I are here to talk about our children.
The teacher began the meeting with parents with the question:
— Are there any changes in your child’s development of independence?
— Has he become different during this period?
- What's new?
(parents' statements)
Nurturing cultural and hygienic skills is important not only for the successful socialization of children, but also for their health. From the first days of life, when developing cultural and hygienic skills, there is not just the assimilation of rules and norms of behavior, but extremely important process socialization, the baby’s entry into the world of adults. This process cannot be left for later, the period of early and preschool childhood most favorable for the formation of cultural and hygienic skills. Then, on their basis, the development of other functions and qualities is built. Cultural and hygienic skills are associated not only with play. They underlie the first type available to a child labor activity- self-care work. Thus, the quality of performing an action becomes important for the child; he learns to complete the task he has begun, maintain the goal of the activity, and not be distracted. And now it is no longer the adult who reminds him of the need for this or that action, but he himself, on his own initiative, performs it, controls its progress. At the same time, such strong-willed personality qualities as determination, organization, discipline, endurance, perseverance, and independence are formed. The implementation of cultural and hygienic skills creates conditions for the formation of the foundations of aesthetic taste. The main conditions for the successful formation of cultural and hygienic skills include a rationally organized environment, a clear daily routine and adult guidance. The conditions must be constant, and the methodological techniques used by the teacher must be changed. “We’ll wash ourselves,” the teacher says at the beginning of the year and shows everything: how to roll up the sleeves, and how to soap your hands, and how to wash them and then dry them. All children act under the supervision and control of an adult. And so on day after day. Independence is a valuable quality, necessary for a person in life.
Workshop “Learning to raise children correctly”
It is necessary to educate him from early childhood. By nature, children are active; very often they strive to perform various actions independently. And it is important for us, adults, to support them in this.
Often, each of us, in response to an offer to do something for a child or help him with something, had to hear “I myself!”
(on the screen there are photographs of children and words from I. Muraveyka’s poem “I myself!”)
Let's get dressed...
Me myself! Me myself!
Let's go, let's wash...
Me myself! Me myself!
Well, let’s go, at least I’ll brush my hair...
Me myself! Me myself!
Well, let me at least feed you...
Me myself! Me myself!
At this age, the child realizes himself as a separate person, with his own desires and characteristics. The child practically becomes independent: he can perform many actions without the help of an adult, and learns self-service skills.
The teacher suggests considering several situations.
Situation for analysis
Three-year-old Ilyusha diligently puts on tights. Difficult task! Finally, after much effort, the tights are almost on, but... inside out. The baby, of course, doesn’t notice this and continues to pull them on. The mother stops, as she says, “this aimless fuss,” and with a quick movement, without hiding her irritation, tries to pull on the child’s tights. The baby screams:
- By yourself, by yourself, by yourself!
The mother says sternly:
- Sit quietly and don’t be capricious! You don’t know how, but you shout “yourself.”
1. Did mom do the right thing? And why?
2. Do you have similar situations?
3. How do you get out of them?
Often by various reasons– due to lack of time, uncertainty in the child’s strengths, we strive to do everything for him ourselves.
But are we really helping the child?
How do you think?
Can Small child be independent?
It is important to note that the child’s expression “I myself” manifests a desire for independence.
Trying to do everything for a child, adults cause him great harm, deprive him of independence, undermine his faith in his own strength, teach him to rely on others, children can grow up passive and lazy.
Example: The child tries to dress himself, but his mother does everything for him. He sighs heavily and says: “That’s what I wanted myself!”
Psychologists say: by the age of three, a child’s desire for independence and independence from an adult, both in actions and desires, sharply increases. He develops a strong desire to assert himself.
Under no circumstances should these aspirations be suppressed - this leads to complications in the relationship between the child and the adult.
The first of them is negativism, i.e. disobedience or unwillingness to follow the instructions of an adult, and the desire to do the opposite.
Then - stubbornness, the child will insist on his own simply because he demanded it.
Also, obstinacy or self-will may appear in the child’s behavior (the child wants to do everything himself, refusing the help of adults), phenomena such as rebellion against others are observed (conflict with others, constantly quarrels, behaves aggressively).
Thus, suppression of children's independence can have serious Negative influence on the development of the child’s personality.
Have you encountered similar manifestations?
How did you get out of such situations?
(verse “For adults” by M. Schwartz)
I'm in my home apartment
Like a drill soldier in service.
Commander on commander...
I'm the only private here.
I must obey everyone.
According to the order - wash,
According to the order - get dressed,
It's too early to make the bed.
On command - sit down,
The assignment is to study.
According to the regime - go to bed,
When the alarm clock rings, get up.
Now it's clear to you why
Did I start snapping?
The end of my patience.
De - mo - bi - lization!
When developing independence skills in children, we often encounter that the child cannot or does not cope with the proposed task. How to act in such situations?
Situation for analysis.
Having learned to clean up after himself after eating, Gena began to push the chair, but his leg caught on the table leg. Gena did not make any effort, he abandoned the small but necessary effort and immediately abandoned his intention. When his mother reminded him that he needed to push his chair in, the boy said tearfully: “It just doesn’t work!”
What actions should adults take?
So, children strive for independence.
What can they do independently at a younger age?
Let's try together to determine a list of actions that our kids can perform.
(discussion with parents)
- Wash your hands by rolling up your sleeves; wash your face without splashing water; use soap correctly; do not wet clothes; Dry yourself with a towel, hang it in the designated place without being reminded.
- Dress and undress in a certain sequence: take off clothes, fold them, hang them, turn them inside out front side; putting on clothes, unbuttoning buttons, fastening them, tying shoelaces.
- Notice the mess in your clothes and fix it yourself or seek help from an adult.
- Use a handkerchief, handkerchief, toilet in a timely manner.
- Drink from a cup; eat, chewing food well, with your mouth closed.
- Use a spoon, fork, and napkin correctly.
- Place toys, books, and building materials in a specific place.
Of course, the baby does not immediately acquire the necessary skills; he needs our help, creating the necessary conditions for the manifestation of independence, correctly guiding the children’s actions and be sure to praise, praise for the slightest manifestation of independence.
Pedagogical techniques that ensure successful solution of assigned tasks:
- direct instruction;
- display;
In this everyday activity, cultural and hygienic skills are improved, habits are formed: washing hands before eating and after getting dirty, taking care of your appearance. But the children are getting older. And we are gradually giving them more and more independence.
When instilling norms of behavior at the table, we also take into account that, in addition to instilling cultural and hygienic skills in children, they face a number of tasks: developing a positive attitude towards peers, a culture of behavior in a team, modesty, politeness, and restraint.
We pay great attention to instilling neatness in children. We draw children's attention to those of their peers who know how to wash their hands well, handle things carefully, and dress independently, since children cannot always notice this themselves.
It’s very difficult to get up early in the morning, and even to get dressed yourself: you have to remember the whole sequence of dressing, be able to fasten buttons, tie shoelaces. Mom will do it better and faster. And if adults rush to help a child at the slightest difficulty, to free him from the need to make efforts, then very quickly he will develop a passive position: “Button it up,” “Tie it up,” “Put it on.” You've probably noticed yourself that as soon as you start helping your child, he stops participating in the dressing process.
In the education of cultural and hygienic skills, an adult assessment plays a huge role, that is, a positive or negative judgment about the individual actions and behavior of the child. You and I need to widely use positive assessment of the child’s actions: approval, encouragement, praise. Approval supports in children the desire to do the same in the future, to do even better.
In the process of work, we noticed the following changes: children began to dress more neatly, take care of their appearance, use a handkerchief as intended, put away their toys without being reminded, and thank each other and adults. Some significantly improved their behavior during meals and their knowledge, due to communication with other children. Children began to show more initiative in preparing for educational activities or meals. The children began to notice problems in appearance each other or the environment. Most of the children began to handle toys carefully and maintain cleanliness and order.
The teacher offers parents a prepared memo “Healthy children - in a healthy family”
Test "My child"
Handwashing and personal hygiene skills include the ability to:
1. Wash your face, ears, hands
2. Roll up your sleeves;
3. Wet your hands;
4. Take soap and lather until foam appears;
5. Rinse off the soap;
6. Dry your hands, carefully fold the towel and hang it in your cell;
7. Use a comb.
1. Proper use of tablespoons, teaspoons, forks, and napkins;
2. Do not crumble the bread;
3. Chew food with your mouth closed;
4. Do not talk with your mouth full;
5. Quietly leave the table after finishing the meal;
6. Give thanks;
7. Use only your own device.
The skills of taking off and putting on clothes in a certain order include the ability to:
1. Unfasten the buttons;
2. Take off your dress (pants);
3.Hang carefully;
4. Take off your shirt and hang it carefully on your trousers;
5. Take off your shoes;
6. Take off the tights and hang them on your shirt (dress);
7. Put on in reverse order.
Criteria for evaluation:
3 points – correctly performed action;
2 points – action performed with minor inaccuracies;
1 point – inability to perform the action.
Levels of development of cultural and hygienic skills
High level(84-63 points) – all skills are firmly formed;
Intermediate level (62-40 points) – one or more skills are in their infancy;
Below average (39-28 points) – one or more skills are not developed
Monitoring testing “My Child”
On the second question we heard teacher - psychologist Brovko N.S. on the topic “On stubbornness and whims.” Natalya Sergeevna told what is the cause of whims and stubbornness, the characteristic features of a child’s behavior when stubborn and whims. Pedagogical advice to parents for eradicating stubbornness and whims in children.
Decision of the parent meeting.
1. To combine the efforts of the family and kindergarten in the formation of cultural and hygienic skills in children of primary preschool age, to clarify and systematize children’s knowledge about the need for hygiene procedures. To instill in children the desire to look clean, neat and tidy. Strengthen the connections between the kindergarten and the family, change the position of parents regarding their health and the health of their children, see the development of a child’s personality behind the negative manifestations of the child’s desire for independence.
Memo
Healthy children in a healthy family!
- Try to support your child's desire for independence.
- Encourage, praise your child even for small achievements.
- Self-service skills are instilled faster if an adult shows and comments on an example of how, what and in what order to do.
- You cannot rush a child to perform any action; you must give him the opportunity to do everything calmly, independently.
- If something doesn’t work out for your baby, don’t rush to help him until he asks for it.
- Always try to keep your child active and emotional.
- In the process of education, use nursery rhymes, poems, and personal example.
- Try to take advantage of the game situation.
- Always maintain a friendly emotional attitude.
Pedagogical techniques.
- direct instruction;
- display;
- exercises with performing actions in the process didactic games;
- systematically reminding children of the need to observe hygiene rules.
Hand washing and personal hygiene skills include:
- Wash your face, ears, hands
- Roll up your sleeves
- Wet your hands
- Take soap and lather until foam appears.
- Rinse off the soap
- Dry your hands, carefully fold the towel and hang it in your locker.
- Use a comb
Tidy eating skills include the ability to:
- Proper use of tablespoons, teaspoons, forks, and napkins
- Don't crumble the bread
- Chew food with your mouth closed
- Don't talk with your mouth full
- Quietly leave the table after finishing a meal
- Thank
- Use only your own device
The skills of taking off and putting on clothes in a certain order include the ability to:
- Unfasten the buttons
- Take off your dress (pants)
- Hang carefully
- Take off your shirt and hang it carefully on your trousers
- Take off your shoes
- Take off the tights and hang them on your shirt (dress) for children for 2016
Galina Ovsyannikova
Summer health work plan for the second junior group
Plan of summer health work in the 2nd junior group"A"
Target: The main task of health work– strengthening children's health through various types activities, medical and recreational activities, hardening procedures and specially organized leisure and entertainment. Continue to master and develop motor skills while walking and running, throwing, jumping, maintaining balance, crawling on your stomach, catching a ball. Consider age characteristics children.
With the help of hardening, we teach the child’s fragile, growing body to tolerate temperature changes in environment, resist various diseases. Develop curiosity and cognitive activity, form cultural, hygienic and labor skills.
Medical and health Events:
1. Compliance with the drinking regime, hygiene of the sandbox and area.
2. Daily routine for the warm period, exposure to the sun.
Hardening procedures:
1. Air and sun baths.
2. Water procedures (rubbing, washing).
3. Breathing exercises.
4. Gymnastics after waking up.
5. Walking on massage mats.
Free activity on area: ball games, hoops, independent outdoor games.
MONTH TOPIC OF THE WEEK EVENTS GOALS AND OBJECTIVES RESPONSIBLE
JUNE: 1st a week: “Hello, red summer!”
“My happy childhood!” Conversation: “Hello, red summer!”
“Let’s give the globe to the children”
Reading poems about children.
P/game “My cheerful one,
ringing ball"
Productive activity: drawings on the asphalt. Introduce children to International Day child protection, talk about when it appeared and why it is called International.
Continue to develop knowledge about the signs of summer. Educators:
Ovsyannikova G. S.
Gulimova Yu. A.
2nd week.
"Fabulous Week"
Reading the works of A. S. Pushkin "The wind blows across the sea", "The Tale of Tsar Saltan", "The Tale of the Fisherman and the Fish"
Looking at illustrations for works author.
P/game "Wind, wind, breeze"
Productive activity:(drawing)
"Gold fish".
Guessing riddles about the water world, looking at illustrations.
P/game "Ocean is shaking", "Whose next"-with a ball.
Product. activity. (drawing)
"The fish is swimming, swimming". Continue to introduce children to the work of Russian poets.
Strengthen children's ability to draw with brushes and paints.
To develop children’s knowledge about the aquatic world and interest in inanimate natural phenomena.
Develop the ability to draw triangular-shaped objects and practice painting with paints. Educator:
Gulimova Yu. A.
Educator:
Gulimova Yu. A.
"What are friends for".
Reading Russian adv. fairy tales "Teremok".
Low mobility game "Recognize a friend by his voice"
Productive activity: (applique) "Flower for a Friend". Expand your understanding of friendship. learn to be polite with your peers.
Learn to create a composition from ready-made shapes. Educator:
Gulimova Yu. A.
"Russia Day" Conversation "My home is my country".View presentations: "Where the Motherland Begins".
Memorizing a poem. about Russia and the Motherland.
Productive activity (applique) "Flag of Russia".
Introduce children to one of the youngest states. holidays.
To educate young patriots of the country. Continue
To develop the ability to depict an object consisting of several rectangular parts. Educator:
Gulimova Yu. A.
3rd week.
“My favorite games and toys”. Conversations: "My favorite toy".
P/games "Wonderful bag", "Games with pins, balls, hoops".Plot roll. a game "A toy shop".
Productive activity (modeling) "Snail".
Develop positive attitude to toys, continue to develop motor skills in walking, running, throwing, jumping.
Learn to sculpt a snail by folding the column and pulling back the head and horns. Educator:
Gulimova Yu. A.
4th week.
"Patriot Week"
Conversation "They defended their homeland".
Reading poems about the war.
D/game: "Military weapons".
Product activity:
"Dove-bird of peace"-coloring.
Continue talking about V.O.V. Introduce children to the date when V.O.V. began, introduce the concept "war",
Keep learning work with paints,tassels. Educator:
Gulimova Yu. A.
5th week.
"Safety Week" Conversations: "Danger on the Road", "Fire is a dangerous game".
D/game "Road ABC".
P/game "Car and Birds".
Cont. activity (modeling) "Our friend the traffic light". To consolidate children's knowledge about traffic lights and their meaning, to expand children's knowledge about the rules in everyday life with fire.
Continue teaching children to roll plasticine in a circular motion, forming balls. Educator:
Gulimova Yu. A.
JULY: 1st week.
“July 8 – All-Russian Family Day” Conversations: "What is family", "What is a house".
Reading "Cockerel with his family".
P/games "Bubble", “The gray bunny washes himself”, "Catch the ball", "Good words"- with a ball.
S./r. a game "Family".
Productive activity – making gifts for family and friends. Continue to build children's knowledge concept "family", teach to respect your family and friends.
Make greeting card from ready-made forms, teach accuracy. Educator:
Gulimova Yu. A.
2nd week
"Week of Young Ecologists" Guessing riddles about birds. Conversations about flowering plants
D/games “Guess what kind of bird?”, "Collect a bouquet".
Productive activity (modeling) "Flower"
Labor activity - work in the garden - weeding onions. Expand ideas about changes in the world of animals and plants in summer period. Foster a caring attitude towards nature. Strengthen the ability to sculpt familiar flowers, using previously learned techniques, develop initiative and independence. Educator:
Gulimova Yu. A.
3rd week.
"Health Week" Conversations: “I love vitamins - I want to be healthy”, "About health, about cleanliness".
Reading lit.: V. Lebedev-Kumach “Toughen up!”.
S./r. games "Polyclinic", "Pharmacy".
Productive activity (drawing) "Berries and Apples". Continue to shape children’s ideas about healthy lifestyle, about the importance of the medical profession, continue to develop the speech and thinking of children during the game. Exercise and learn to draw berries and apples, using contrast in size and color, to develop a sense of composition. Educator:
Gulimova Yu. A.
4th week.
"Across the seas, across the waves"
Conversation: "Our Country's Fleet".
Playing with building materials and sand "Let's build a ship".
P/game "We are sailors".
Productive activity:(modeling) "Boat"(drawing) "Across the seas, across the waves".
To form children’s knowledge about military sailors and their profession "sailor".
Develop motor activity.
Educator:
Ovsyannikova G. S.
AUGUST: 1st week.
"Week of the radiant sun" Conversation “On the benefits and harms of sun rays”.
Observing the sun.
Experimentation "Water in a Vessel"(water heating by the sun's rays)
D/games: “Guess what kind of bird?”, "Collect a bouquet".
Productive activity (modeling)
"Flower". Develop cognitive interest, interest to experiment, expand ideas about the sun. Educator:
Ovsyannikova G. S.
2nd week.
"Insect Week" Conversations about insects.
Reading literature:
V. Bianchi “Like an ant hurried home”,TO. Chukovsky "Fly Tsokotukha".
Observing insects on a walk.
P/games: "Bees in the Hives", "Birds and mosquitoes".
Productive activity (drawing) "Butterflies in the Meadow". Expand your understanding of the diversity of insects and cultivate a love for insects.
Practice finger painting techniques, strengthen the ability to apply evenly
dots on the entire surface of the object, draw grass of various shades. Educator:
Ovsyannikova G. S.
3rd week
"Bread Week" Conversation "Where the bun came from".
Dramatization of a fairy tale "Kolobok".
P/games "Mice in the Pantry", "Loaf".
Watching a cartoon "About the girl who stepped on bread".
Productive activity (applique) "Decorate the bun". Introduce children to cereal crops.
To cultivate a respectful attitude towards the work of people who grow bread. Treat bread with care. Educator:
Ovsyannikova G. S.
4th week
“Week of the National Flag. - “August 22 is Flag Day”. Looking at the album “Russia is my Motherland”.Conversation about the symbolism of Russia-Flag.
Reading a poem "Flag of Russia",guessing the riddle about the flag.
Russian folk games.
Productive activity (drawing) "Flag of Russia" Introduce children to the most important symbol of our country - the Flag, and teach them to recognize it. Cultivate love for our big country Russia. Educator:
Ovsyannikova G. S.
"My City Day" Looking at the album "My city"
D/game "Complete the house".
Conversation "The city where we live".
P/game "Shaggy Dog"
Productive activity (applique) "House". Continue to build children's knowledge about our city. Educator:
Ovsyannikova G. S.
Final conversation: “What do you remember about summer?” Continue to develop
speech, thinking, memory.
Progress of the lesson:
Guys, look who came to visit us today. That's right, doggy. Let's say hello to him. Guys, do you know why he came to our kindergarten? He was playing with a ball and lost it. Now he needs our help! Do you agree to help him? Then, follow me. First we will go along a straight path, and then along a winding path, where many obstacles await us. Therefore, you must stick together, help each other and not push each other. And here is the first one: step over the rollers. Guys, look what our dog found - these are plumes. We'll warm up a little with them and move on to look for the ball.
1. “Show and hide the plume.”
IP - standing, feet shoulder-width apart, arms down, hands holding a plume. They showed the plume - they stretched their arms forward, hid the little plume - they hid their hands behind their back. (repeat 3-4 times).
2. “These are the kind of sultans we have.”
IP - standing, feet shoulder-width apart, arms down, hands holding a plume. We raised our hands up - we waved the plume, we lowered our hands down. (repeat 3-4 times).
3. “Take the plume.”
I.p. - sitting, legs apart, plume in hands. Tilt the torso towards the toes, place the crown, straighten up, bend over, take the crown in your hands. (repeat 4 times).
4. “Arms and legs are resting.”
I.p. - lying on your back, arms along the body.
Raise your hands up, wave your head, lower them.
Raise your legs up, lower them. (repeat 3-4 times).
Now we have warmed up and can move on. And here is the second obstacle - the bridge (gymnastic bench), which must be crossed. To prevent us from falling, we need to keep our hands to the sides and be very careful. Well done guys, you did it all. But before us is the third obstacle - the tunnel. To go through the tunnel, you need to get on all fours and crawl. And here in front of us is a flower meadow, in this meadow we will play a game called “Catch a Butterfly”. I will show you a butterfly of a certain color, and you will look for the same one in the clearing. Good job guys, now let's continue looking for the ball. There is another path ahead (a path of buttons), let's follow it, and maybe we will find the ball. Look, guys, here is a basket in front of us. What's in it? Balls! You and I found not just one ball, but many. Now the dog will play with you: he will pour balls out of the basket, and you will collect them. This game, guys, is called “naughty balls.” You all did great today and the dog is very grateful to you for finding her favorite ball. What shape do you think the ball is? (round). What fruit has the same shape? (That’s right, apples). Apples contain a lot of vitamins, so the dog and I want to treat you. Bon appetit!
Tasks:
Encourage children to be physically active and practice spatial orientation.
Improve basic movements.
Develop mobility of arms and legs, strength and endurance.
To foster interest in physical education, to evoke joy and a sense of satisfaction from joint activities.
Materials and equipment:
Audio recording.
Rag paths.
Stuffing rollers.
Sultans by number of children.
Bridge.
Tunnel.
Flowers and butterflies of different colors.
